不同施肥模式对娃娃菜生长、产量及品质的影响
马祥兰 , 王舒亚 , 莫琪江 , 金莉 , 金宁 , 李金武 , 谢言东 , 郁继华 , 吕剑
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (04) : 104 -112.
不同施肥模式对娃娃菜生长、产量及品质的影响
Effects of different fertilization modes on growth,yield and quality of Mini Chinese cabbage
目的 探究不同施肥处理对娃娃菜生长、产量及品质的影响。 方法 试验以春玉黄娃娃菜为试材,设置常规施肥(CK)、常规施肥+有机肥(T1)、常规施肥+有机肥+微生物菌剂(T2)、有机肥(T3)、有机肥+微生物菌剂(T4)、常规化肥减量50%+有机肥(T5)、缓释复合肥(T6)以及常规化肥减量30%(T7)八个处理,并运用主成分分析综合评判各处理对娃娃菜生产、产量和品质的影响。 结果 与CK相比,8个施肥处理对娃娃菜株高无显著影响,T5、T7处理的冠幅显著增加了9.43%和7.52%,T5处理地上部鲜质量以及整株干质量显著提高25.23%和14.16%,产量增加27.95%;与CK相比,T7处理和T3处理产品硝酸盐含量显著降低65.77%和25.95%,T5处理的维生素C含量提高了47.83%,T1处理的可溶性蛋白含量显著增高6.54%,T3处理可溶性糖含量显著升高15.3%。经主成分分析共提取了5个主成分,累计方差贡献率达96.803%。8个施肥处理综合得分进行排名为T5>T6>CK>T3>T4>T2>T1>T7。 结论 常规施肥减量50%配施400 kg/667m2有机肥处理更有利于促进娃娃菜生长,提高其产量和品质,该结果可为化肥减施模式下娃娃菜高产优质栽培提供理论依据。
Objective The study aimed to explore the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth,yield and quality of Mini Chinese cabbage. Method With Chunyuhuang Mini Chinese cabbage as the test material,the experiment set up eight treatments of fertilization as follows: conventional fertilization (CK),conventional fertilization+organic fertilizer (T1),conventional fertilization + organic fertilizer + microbial agent (T2),organic fertilizer (T3),organic fertilizer + microbial agent (T4),the reduced conventional fertilization by 50% + organic fertilizer (T5),slow-release compound fertilizer (T6),and the reduced conventional fertilization by 30% (T7).The Principal Component Analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the effect of fertilization treatments on the production,yield and quality of the Mini Chinese cabbage. Result Compared with CK,all the eight fertilization treatments exerted no significant effect on the plant height.The crown width of T5 and T7 treatments increased by 9.43% and 7.52%,the aboveground fresh weight and the whole dry weight of T5 treatments increased by 25.23% and 14.16%,respectively,and the yield increased by 27.95%.Compared with CK,the nitrate content of the products of T7 and T3 was significantly reduced by 65.77% and 25.95%,respectively.Vitamin C content of T5 treatment was significantly increased by 47.83%,soluble protein content of T1 treatment was significantly increased by 6.54%,and soluble sugar content of T3 treatment was significantly increased by 15.3%.A total of 5 principal components were extracted by PCA,and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 96.80%.The comprehensive scores of the 8 fertilization treatments ranked as follows: T5>T6>CK>T3>T4>T2>T1>T7. Conclusion The reduced application of conventional fertilizer by 50% combined with 400 kg/667m2 organic fertilizer treatment was beneficial to promote the growth of Mini Chinese cabbage and to improve its yield and quality,which could serve as a theoretical basis for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of Mini Chinese cabbage under the reduced fertilizer application mode.
Mini Chinese cabbage / different fertilization / yield / quality / principal component analysis
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