生物有机肥与化肥配施对土壤肥力和浙贝母产量、品质及经济效益的影响
Effects of the combined application of bio-organic and chemical fertilizers on soil fertility,yield,quality,economic benefit of Fritillaria thunbergii
目的 解决浙贝母栽培中因过量施肥及用肥品种单一导致的土壤养分失调、土壤酸化、产量下降、品质降低等问题。 方法 以浙贝1号为试验品种,设置不施肥(CK)、生物有机肥90 kg/667 m2+硅钙钾镁肥40 kg/667 m2+复合肥30 kg/667 m2(T1)、生物有机肥120 kg/667 m2+硅钙钾镁肥40 kg/667 m2+复合肥30 kg/667 m2(T2)、生物有机肥150 kg/667 m2+硅钙钾镁肥40 kg/667 m2+复合肥30 kg/667 m2(T3)4个处理,测定和分析不同肥料配比施肥对土壤肥力及浙贝母产量、品质及经济效益的影响。 结果 生物有机肥与化肥配施可显著增加土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量,显著增加浙贝母鳞茎直径、单鳞茎鲜重及产量。各施肥处理均可提高浙贝母产量,其中T3处理产量提升最多,增产高达14.56%。生物有机肥与化肥配施有利于增加浙贝母经济效益,提高浙贝母品质,与CK相比,T1、T2和T3处理贝母素含量分别提高4.9%、17.2%、19.5%。 结论 生物有机肥150 kg/667 m2+硅钙钾镁肥40 kg/667 m2+复合肥30 kg/667 m2可作为当地浙贝母种植推荐施肥配比。
Objective The aim of this study was to address the issues caused by excessive fertilization and single fertilizer application in Fritillaria thunbergii cultivation,such as soil nutrient imbalance,soil acidification,reduced yields,and diminished quality. Method The variety Zhebei 1 was employed as the materials.Five treatments of different fertilizer ratios were tested as follows:no fertilizer (CK),90 kg/667m² bio-organic fertilizer + 40 kg/667 m² calcium silicon magnesium potassium fertilizer + 30 kg/667m² compound fertilizer(T1),120 kg/667 m² bio-organic fertilizer + 40 kg/667 m² calcium silicon magnesium potassium fertilizer +30 kg/667 m² compound fertilizer(T2),150 kg/667 m² bio-organic fertilizer+40 kg/667m² calcium silicon magnesium potassium fertilizer+30 kg/667 m² compound fertilizer(T3).The effects on soil fertility,yield,quality,and economic benefits of Fritillaria thunbergii were assessed to determine the optimal fertilizer ratio. Result The combined application of bio-organic and chemical fertilizers significantly increased organic matter content,available nitrogen (N),available phosphorus (P),and available potassium (K) in the soil.It also notably enhanced bulb diameter,individual bulb fresh weight,and overall yield of Fritillaria thunbergii.Yield improvements were observed across all fertilization treatments,with T3 showing the highest increase (14.56%).The amalgamation of bio-organic and chemical fertilizers proved advantageous for boosting economic returns and quality of Fritillaria thunbergii.Compared to the control group,the content of Fritillaria thunbergii treated with T1,T2,and T3 increased by 4.9%,17.2%,and 19.5%,respectively. Conclusion It was suggested that the T3,i.e.,150 kg/667m² bio-organic fertilizer + 40 kg/667 m² calcium silicon magnesium potassium fertilizer + 30 kg/667 m² compound fertilizer,can serve as the most suitable fertilization method for Fritillaria thunbergii cultivation in the region under study.
浙贝母 / 生物有机肥 / 化肥 / 土壤肥力 / 产量 / 品质 / 经济效益
Fritillaria thunbergii / bio-organic fertilizer / chemical fertilizer / soil fertility / yield / quality / economic benefit
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磐安县科技计划重点农业项目(磐科农202105)
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