三种盐生植物对河西地区盐渍土理化性状的改良作用
何振邦 , 郭丽琢 , 高玉红 , 剡斌 , 马敬 , 李晓瑾
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (06) : 210 -217.
三种盐生植物对河西地区盐渍土理化性状的改良作用
Improvement effect of three halophytes on the physical and chemical properties of saline soils in Hexi Corridor
目的 探讨河西走廊盐渍土的理化性状对不同盐生植物种类的响应,可为该生态区重度盐渍土的植物改良提供理论和技术依据。 方法 本研究通过田间试验,以盐生植物种类为试验因素,设裸地(T0)、白茎盐生草(T1)、盐地碱蓬(T2)、碱茅草(T3)4个处理,探讨了盐生植物及其种类对土壤理化性状的影响。 结果 和T0相比,T1、T2、T3的耕层土壤容重降低了9.6%~11.1%,总孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度提升了7.8%~24.1%和41.3%~97.4%,T2对土壤孔隙度的提升效果最显著;T1、T2、T3处理下0~30 cm及30~60 cm土层的土壤全盐含量较T0分别降低了23.4%~24.9%和51.1%~63.7%,降低效果呈现T2>T1>T3的趋势;与T0相比,T1、T2、T3使耕层土壤的Cl-、SO42-、Na+、Mg2+和K+的含量分别降低了90.2%~95.5%、14.4%~16.6%、88.1%~92.2%、38.8%~52.2%和71.8%~77.8%,也使土壤的pH降低且以T2的效果最明显;T1、T2的植株含盐量较T3高23.6%~27.2%,地上部盐分积累量是T3的105.5倍和96.5倍,地下部盐分积累量T2是T1和T3的12.5倍和8.7倍。 结论 供试3种盐生植物的种植均改善了耕层土壤的通透性能,降低了0~60 cm土层土壤的盐渍化程度,以盐地碱蓬的改土效果最明显。
Objective Investigating the response of physical and chemical properties of saline soil to halophyte species in Hexi Corridor can provide theoretical and technical basis for plant improvement on highly salinized soils in this ecological area. Method A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of halophytes and their species on soil physical and chemical properties.Four treatments were established: bare soil (T0),Halogeton arachnoideus Moq.(T1),Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall.(T2) and Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl.(T3). Result Compared with T0,soil bulk density of T1,T2 and T3 decreased by 9.6%~11.1%,and total porosity and non-capillary porosity increased by 7.8%~24.1% and 41.3%~97.4%,respectively.T2 had the most significant effect on soil porosity.Compared with T0,the total salt content of 0~30 cm and 30~60 cm soil layers under T1,T2 and T3 treatments decreased by 23.4%~24.9% and 51.1%~63.7%,respectively.The effect of salt reduction showed the trend of T2>T1>T3.Compared with T0,the contents of Cl-,SO42-,Na+,Mg2+ and K+ in T1,T2 and T3 treatments decreased by 90.2%~95.5%,14.4%~16.6%,88.1%~92.2%,38.8%~52.2% and 71.8%~77.8%,respectively.T1,T2 and T3 reduced soil pH compared to T0,and the maximum reduction effect came from T2.Plant salt content of T1 and T2 was 23.6%~27.2% higher than that of T3,and salt accumulation in the aboveground part was 105.5 times and 96.5 times that of T3,while salt accumulation in the underground part showed the trend of T2>T3>T1,and T2 was 12.5 times and 8.7 times that of T1 and T3. Conclusion Planting of three halophytes improved topsoil permeability and reduced soil salinization in the 0~60 cm soil layer.The soil improvement effect of S.salsa was the most evident when the three halophytes were planted for 1 year.
盐生植物 / 土壤盐渍化 / 土壤通透性能 / 土壤盐基离子 / 土壤pH / 植物含盐量
halophyte / soil salinization / soil permeability / soil base ions / soil pH / plant salt content
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