选育鲫生长特性及肌肉营养评价
Evaluation of growth characteristics and muscle nutrients of the breeding Carassius auratus
目的 了解选育鲫的生长特性及肌肉品质。 方法 开展了为期60 d的养殖试验,分析选育后第5代鲫(选育组)和非选育鲫(对照组)的生长性能、肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸的组成。 结果 选育组的生长指标(体质量、全长、体长、体高)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。选育组粗脂肪、水分含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。选育组饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。选育组必需氨基酸(EAA)极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),半必需氨基酸(HEAA)显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。选育组氨基酸评分(AAS)、化学评分(CS)、必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)均高于对照组。 结论 选育组具有生长快的优良养殖特性以及高蛋白低脂肪、氨基酸含量高及比例相对均衡的特性。研究结果为选育鲫的饲养管理及进一步利用提供了参考。
Objective The study aimed to investigate the growth characteristics and muscle quality of the breeding population of Carassius auratus (crucian carp). Method A 60-day culture experiment was carried out to analyze the growth performance,muscle nutrients,amino acid,and fatty acid composition of the 5th-generation crucian carp after breeding (breeding group) and non-breeding crucian carp (control group). Result The growth indexes in the breeding group,including body weight,total length,body length,and body height,were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).The contents of crude fat and moisture were significantly lower in the breeding group than those in the control group (P<0.05).The contents of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were significantly lower in the breeding group than those in the control group (P<0.01).The essential amino acid (EAA) was significantly higher in the breeding group than in the control group (P<0.01),and the semi-essential amino acid (HEAA) was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).Amino acid score (AAS),chemical score (CS),and essential amino acid index (EAAI) in the breeding group were higher than those in the control group. Conclusion The breeding group had excellent cultural characteristics of fast growth,high protein and low fat,high amino acid content,and relatively balanced proportions.The findings would provide some reference for the breeding management and further utilization of breeding Carassius auratus.
鲫 / 选育 / 生长特性 / 营养成分 / 氨基酸 / 脂肪酸
Carassius auratus / breeding / growth characteristics / nutritional component / amino acids / fatty acids
AAS=待测蛋白质中某种氨基酸含量(mg/g prot)/FAO/WHO评分标准模式中同种氨基酸含量(mg/g prot)
CS=待测蛋白质中某种氨基酸含量(mg/g prot)/全鸡蛋蛋白质中同种氨基酸含量(mg/g prot)
EAAI=[(100×A1/AE1)×(100×A2/AE2),···,×(100×An/AEn)] 1/n
F值 =(缬氨酸+亮氨酸+异亮氨酸)/(苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸)
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2023年广东省乡村振兴战略专项—农业科技发展及资源环境保护管理项目(2023KJ150)
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