甘肃省四大林区森林碳汇计量监测分析
Analysis on the quantitative monitoring of forest carbon sink in four major forest regions of Gansu Province
目的 通过分析甘肃省四大林区(小陇山、白龙江、子午岭、祁连山)森林碳汇,为全面评价甘肃省森林碳汇潜力和如期实现碳中和目标制定森林保护管理措施提供数据支撑。 方法 基于2016年、2019年甘肃省森林资源管理“一张图”年度更新数据,采用生物量扩展因子法和单位面积生物量法,估算并分析近3 a森林碳储量动态及碳汇特征。 结果 四大林区总碳储量表现为:白龙江(31 334 357.92~34 118 400.13 t)>小陇山(14 082 961.34~21 314 252.37 t)>祁连山(8 719 941.24~10 087 591.44 t)>子午岭(5 669 613.18~7 333 781.51 t);小陇山、白龙江、子午岭、祁连山乔木林年均碳汇分别为2 406 708.49、924 818.22、550 008.82、446 350.68 t/a,碳汇贡献在97%以上,碳密度表现为:白龙江(47.06~51.38 t/hm2)>祁连山(34.48~42.61 t/hm2)>小陇山(20.64~31.38 t/hm2)>子午岭(17.10~21.83 t/hm2);天然林碳储量、碳汇、碳密度显著高于人工林,碳积累与人工林差异不明显;白龙江成熟林、过熟林占比较高,碳积累较慢,小陇山、子午岭、祁连山中龄林、近熟林占比高,碳积累较快;碳汇集中于幼龄林、中龄林、近熟林;不同森林类型以混交林碳储量大,碳汇能力强。 结论 四大林区碳储量逐年增加,白龙江碳储量、碳密度最大,小陇山碳汇最大。加强人工林、幼中龄林的管理,优化树种组成和龄组结构,可有效提升碳储量和碳汇。
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the forest carbon sink potential of four major forest regions (Xiaolongshan,Bailongjiang,Ziwuling,and Qilianshan) in Gansu Province,China,to provide data support for formulating forest protection and management strategies toward achieving carbon neutrality. Method Based on the 2016 and 2019 ‘one map’ forest resource management datasets of Gansu Province,forest carbon storage dynamics and carbon sink characteristics over three years were estimated using the biomass expansion factor method and biomass per unit area method. Result The total carbon storage across the four regions ranked as follows:Bailongjiang (31 334 357.92~34 118 400.13 t) > Xiaolongshan (14 082 961.34~21 314 252.37 t) > Qilianshan (8 719 941.24~10 087 591.44 t) > Ziwuling (5 669 613.18~7 333 781.51 t).The annual carbon sequestration rates of arbor forests were 2 406 708.49,924 818.22,550 008.82,and 446 350.68 t/a for Xiaolongshan,Bailongjiang,Ziwuling,and Qilianshan,respectively,accounting for over 97% of the total carbon sink contribution.The carbon density followed the order: Bailongjiang (47.06~51.38 t/hm²) > Qilianshan (34.48~42.61 t/hm²) > Xiaolongshan (20.64~31.38 t/hm²)>Ziwuling (17.10~21.83 t/hm²).Natural forests exhibited significantly higher carbon storage,carbon sink capacity,and carbon density than plantations,though carbon accumulation rates showed no significant difference.Bailongjiang had a higher proportion of mature and over-mature forests,which led to slower carbon accumulation,whereas Xiaolongshan,Ziwuling,and Qilianshan were dominated by middle-aged and near-mature forests with faster carbon accumulation.The majority of carbon sequestration occurred in young,middle-aged,and near-mature forests.The mixed forests demonstrated the highest carbon storage and sequestration capacity among forest types. Conclusion Carbon storage in the four regions increased annually,with Bailongjiang exhibiting the highest carbon storage and density,while Xiaolongshan contributed the largest carbon sink.Enhancing the management of plantations and young/middle-aged forests,along with optimizing tree species composition and age structure,was found to effectively improve carbon storage and sink capacity.
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甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR5RA090)
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