To accurately assess the fatigue damage of wind turbine gears under operational conditions, a prediction framework that integrated environmental randomness and load temporal characteristics was proposed. A nonlinear damage correction model was utilized to calculate and analyze the influences of different wind speeds on the fatigue damage of gears. The results indicate that the bending fatigue damage of gears in the low wind speed range is dominated by high-frequency low-amplitude cyclic stresses, while the contact fatigue of gears in the high wind speed range is significantly exacerbated by extreme loads accumulation. The rated wind speed range is identified as the main risk interval for gear fatigue damages. Based on the damage analysis results, a quantitative speed control strategy was proposed to extend the service life of the gearbox, providing a basis for the reliability design of the gearbox and the control of the wind turbine hub speed.
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