To address the difficulty in analyzing and evaluating the degree of abnormal machining accuracy of workpieces, an evaluation method was proposed based on a two-stage grey cloud model. Workpiece accuracy deviation data were extracted, and an abnormal evaluation system for machining accuracy of workpieces was established from the dynamic fluctuation law of deviations, the accurate identification of abnormal data, and the quantitative characterization of the abnormal degree. The autoregressive integrated moving average model and statistical process control method were combined to detect abnormal data, and the Markov transition matrix was used to evaluate the credibility of anomalies. The analytic hierarchy process improved by the cloud model and the entropy weight method, was employed to determine the comprehensive weights, and a two-stage normal grey cloud model was constructed to evaluate each accuracy items. Correctness and feasibility of the proposed method were verified through gear machining experiments.
现有研究中,对数控机床精度的评价普遍聚焦于设计环节,评价对象以整机为主,目的是明确各精度特性的重要程度,并在此基础上采取相应补偿措施,提高数控机床的精度。机床加工过程中,离线检测工件时,工件加工精度异常的分析通常难以满足及时识别与溯源的需求,无法为加工质量的动态管控提供有效支撑。本文结合云模型处理不确定性和灰色决策抑制小样本量数据误差的优点,采用滚动ARIMA检验异常加工精度数据,并根据统计过程控制(statistical process control,SPC)技术分析修正残差阈值,利用两阶段正态灰云模型及时分析并识别工件加工精度异常。
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