To effectively distinguish the lubrication states of the cylinder liner–piston ring system, equivalent friction tests were conducted on a YTRC2110D diesel engine. The variation of the friction coefficient along different positions of the cylinder liner was analyzed. The critical positions corresponding to different lubrication regimes were identified, and zonal division was performed accordingly. The effect of zonal composite lubrication structures was then investigated. The results indicate that the regions near the top dead center and bottom dead center are in boundary lubrication, where the sin-etextured composite structure exhibits the best friction-reducing performance. The middle region is characterized by hydrodynamic lubrication, where a multi-stage structure yields the lowest friction coefficient. The transition region operates under mixed lubrication, and the maximum friction coefficient reduction rate of 53.66% is achieved by the composite structure combining sine-texture filling and circular texture.
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