适用于螺纹紧固件的二硫化钼浆料及其电泳涂覆工艺研究

Study on molybdenum disulfide slurry and its electrophoretic deposition process for threaded fasteners

摘要

[目的] 解决小规格外螺纹紧固件表面二硫化钼(MoS ₂)涂层在螺纹局部区域的膜厚均匀性控制难题。[方法] 通过对MoS ₂颗粒的粒径筛选与清洗处理，优化其与阴极丙烯酸电泳清漆的复合配比，开发出高稳定性专用电泳浆料。研究了电泳电压和槽液温度对涂层厚度均匀性的影响，并对比了电泳沉积与喷涂MoS ₂涂层的微观形貌、螺纹区膜厚分布及摩擦学性能。[结果] 由5%(质量分数)粒径1 ~ 2 μm的MoS ₂粉体与20%(质量分数)阴极丙烯酸电泳清漆复配的浆料具有优异的分散稳定性。在电泳电压 30 ~ 60 V、槽液温度不超过 50 °C 的优化工艺条件下，电泳 MoS ₂ 涂层表面平整致密，螺纹区域的均匀性与喷涂工艺相比显著提升。[结论] 采用优化后的阴极电泳沉积工艺可在小规格螺纹表面获得厚度均匀的 MoS ₂ 涂层，为小规格螺纹紧固件表面 MoS ₂ 涂层的均匀制备提供了可行的解决方案。

Abstract

[Objective] To address the challenge of controlling the coating thickness uniformity of MoS ₂ coatings on local thread regions (thread crests/roots) of small-sized externally threaded fasteners. [Method] A highly stable electrophoretic slurry was developed by screening and cleaning MoS ₂ particles with specific sizes and optimizing their composite ratio with cathodic acrylic electrophoretic varnish. The effects of electrophoretic voltage and bath temperature on coating thickness uniformity were studied, and the micromorphology, thread-region coating thickness distribution, and tribological properties of the electrophoretically deposited MoS ₂ coatings were compared with those of sprayed counterparts. [Result] The slurry formulated with 5% (mass fraction) of MoS ₂ powder (particle size 1-2 μm) and 20% (mass fraction) cathodic acrylic electrophoretic varnish exhibits excellent dispersion stability. Under the optimized conditions (electrophoretic voltage 30-60 V and bath temperature ≤50 °C), the electrophoretic MoS ₂ coating showed a smooth and compact surface, with significantly improved coating thickness uniformity in thread regions compared with the sprayed coating. [Conclusion] The optimized cathodic electrophoretic deposition process enables the fabrication of MoS ₂ coatings with uniform thickness on small-sized threads, providing an effective technical solution for achieving homogeneous MoS ₂ coatings on small-sized threaded fasteners.

关键词

螺纹紧固件 / 二硫化钼 / 干膜润滑剂 / 阴极电泳 / 厚度均匀性 / 摩擦学

Key words

threaded fastener / molybdenum disulfide / solid film lubricant / cathodic electrophoretic deposition / thickness uniformity / tribology

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基金资助

紧固件常用二硫化钼干膜润滑剂润滑效果研究（河南省紧固连接技术重点实验室开放课题）(JGLJ2404)