氨羧类配位剂在锌−镍合金电镀中的应用

Application of aminocarboxylic complexing agents in zinc–nickel alloy electroplating

摘要

[目的]研究乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA-2Na)、次氮基三乙酸(NTA)和羟乙基乙二胺三乙酸(HEDTA)3种氨羧类配位剂在不同浓度下对碱性Zn–Ni合金电镀的影响，为高性能环保Zn–Ni合金电镀工艺优化提供理论依据。[方法]通过单因素实验，在碱性锌酸盐镀液中分别添加不同浓度的EDTA-2Na、NTA和HEDTA进行电镀。采用库仑法检测镀层厚度，并通过电化学阻抗谱与动电位极化曲线测试评价Zn–Ni合金镀层的耐蚀性。[结果]3种配位剂均显著影响Zn–Ni合金镀层性能。EDTA-2Na质量浓度为20 g/L时镀层最厚(6.5 μm)，在15 g/L时耐蚀性最佳；NTA质量浓度为15 g/L时镀层最厚(4.9 μm)，在10 g/L时耐蚀性最佳；HEDTA质量浓度为15 g/L时镀层最厚(5.6 μm)、耐蚀性最佳。[结论]氨羧类配位剂能有效改善Zn–Ni合金层性能，在实际应用中可根据镀层性能需求选择适宜类型和浓度的配位剂。

Abstract

[Objective] To study the effects of three aminocarboxylic complexing agents, namely disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2Na), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), and hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), at different concentrations on alkaline Zn–Ni alloy electroplating, so as to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing high-performance and environmentally friendly Zn–Ni alloy electroplating processes. [Method] Single-factor experiments were conducted by adding EDTA-2Na, NTA, and HEDTA at various concentrations as complexing agents to an alkaline zincate bath. The coating thickness was determined using coulometric method, and the corrosion resistance of Zn–Ni alloy coatings was studied via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curve test. [Result] All three complexing agents significantly affected the properties of the Zn–Ni alloy coatings. The thickest coating (6.5 μm) was obtained with 20 g/L EDTA-2Na, while the best corrosion resistance was achieved at 15 g/L. For NTA, the thickest coating (4.9 μm) was obtained at 15 g/L and the best corrosion resistance at 10 g/L. For HEDTA, both the thickest coating (5.6 μm) and the best corrosion resistance were achieved at 15 g/L. [Conclusion] Aminocarboxylic complexing agents can effectively improve Zn–Ni alloy coating performance. In practical applications, the suitable type and concentration of complexing agent should be selected according to the specific performance requirements of the coating.

关键词

电镀 / 锌镍合金 / 氨羧类配位剂 / 耐蚀性

Key words

electroplating / zinc–nickel alloy / aminocarboxylic complexing agent / corrosion resistance

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