喷砂工艺参数对 35Cr2Ni4MoA合金钢超音速火焰喷涂 WC–10Co4Cr涂层性能的影响

Effects of sandblasting conditions on properties of WC–10Co4Cr coating on 35Cr2Ni4MoA alloy steel prepared by high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying

摘要

[目的]研究喷砂参数对35Cr2Ni4MoA合金钢超音速火焰喷涂碳化钨涂层性能的影响，为超音速火焰喷涂碳化钨涂层在合金钢航空构件上的应用提供参考。[方法]在不同压力(0.35 ~ 0.45 MPa)和距离(100 ~ 200 mm)下对35Cr2Ni4MoA合金钢喷砂后超音速火焰喷涂WC–10Co4Cr，以研究喷涂参数对涂层显微组织、显微硬度，以及基体表面粗糙度、残余应力和疲劳性能的影响。[结果]喷砂参数对WC–10Co4Cr涂层显微组织和显微硬度的影响不大。随喷砂距离增大，基体表面粗糙度和阿尔门试片弧高均先增后减，界面残留砂粒减少；随喷砂压力增大，基体表面粗糙度和弧高逐渐增大，凹坑深度增大、角度减小，界面残留砂粒在0.40 MPa后显著增多。疲劳寿命在喷砂压力0.35 MPa、距离120 mm时最高，其疲劳源为单一小线源，裂纹萌生困难。[结论]喷砂压力过高或距离不当会加剧基体表面缺口损伤及砂粒嵌入，导致应力集中效应超过残余压应力对疲劳性能的提升作用，使疲劳寿命显著降低，因此需严格控制喷砂参数。

Abstract

[Objective] The effect of sandblasting parameters on the properties of tungsten carbide coating prepared by high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying on 35Cr2Ni4MoA alloy steel was studied to provide a reference for the application of HVOF-sprayed tungsten carbide coatings on alloy steel aerospace components. [Method] 35Cr2Ni4MoA alloy steel specimens were sandblasted under different pressures (0.35-0.45 MPa) and distances (100-200 mm), and then coated with WC–10Co4Cr by HVOF. The effects of sandblasting parameters on the coating microstructure, microhardness, as well as the substrate surface roughness, residual stress, and fatigue performance were studied. [Result] Sandblasting parameters had little effect on the microstructure and microhardness of the WC–10Co4Cr coating. With increasing sandblasting distance, both the surface roughness and Almen arc height of the substrate first increased and then decreased, while the amount of embedded grit at the interface decreased. With increasing sandblasting pressure, the surface roughness and arc height gradually increased, the pit depth increased and the pit angle decreased, and the embedded grit fraction increased significantly after 0.40 MPa. The highest fatigue life was obtained at a sandblasting pressure of 0.35 MPa and a distance of 120 mm, with a single small line source as the fatigue origin, indicating difficult crack initiation. [Conclusion] Excessive sandblasting pressure or improper distance aggravates surface notch damage and grit embedding on the substrate, causing the stress concentration effect to outweigh the beneficial effect of residual compressive stress on fatigue performance, thereby significantly reducing fatigue life. Therefore, sandblasting parameters should be strictly controlled.

关键词

合金钢 / 喷砂 / 超音速火焰喷涂 / 碳化钨涂层 / 疲劳性能

Key words

alloy steel / sandblasting / high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying / tungsten carbide coating / fatigue performance

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