几种典型热浸镀材料周期浸润腐蚀行为研究

Study on cyclic immersion corrosion behavior of several typical hot-dip coated materials

摘要

[目的]对比研究热浸镀锌 GI1200、锌铝镁 ZM275(只含质量分数 6% ~ 7%的 Al)，以及 Al 的质量分数为 50% ~ 55%的铝锌镁 AZM150 和铝锌 AZ150 在按铁道行业标准 TB/T 2375-1993《铁路用耐候钢周期浸润试验方法》开展加速试验后的耐蚀性。[方法]通过干湿交替来模拟大气腐蚀工况，结合扫描电镜(SEM)、辉光放电光谱(GDS)、电化学测试、X 射线衍射(XRD)等表征测试手段，系统分析了上述 4 种镀层材料在 0.01 mol/L NaHSO ₃ 溶液中的腐蚀行为与耐蚀性差异。[结果]240 h 的周期浸润腐蚀试验结果表明，4 种材料的腐蚀失重量由小到大的排序为 AZM150 < AZ150 < ZM275 < GI1200，传统热浸镀锌 GI1200 的腐蚀失重量约为 ZM275 的 3 倍，而高铝含量的合金化镀层耐蚀优势突出。4 种材料在不同腐蚀周期内表面堆积的腐蚀产物较少。AZ150 与 AZM150 含富铝相，其表面形成了氧化铝保护膜。[结论]锌铝镁系合金镀层材料的耐大气腐蚀性能远优于传统热浸镀锌材料，能良好适配户外大气服役工况，广泛应用于各类替代传统热浸镀锌的工程场景。

Abstract

[Objective] To compare the corrosion resistance of hot-dip pure Zn-coated steel GI1200, Zn−Al−Mg coated steel ZM275 (containing 6%-7% Al by mass), as well as Al−Zn−Mg coated steel AZM150 and Al−Zn coated steel AZ150 (both with 50%-55% Al by mass) after accelerated testing conducted in accordance with the railway industry standard TB/T 2375 -1993 Cyclic Immersion Test Method for Weathering Steel Used in Railway. [Method] Atmospheric corrosion conditions were simulated through wet–dry cycling. The corrosion behavior and resistance of the four hot-dip coated materials in 0.01 mol/L NaHSO ₃ solution were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), glow discharge spectrometry (GDS), electrochemical testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). [Result] The results of 240-hour cyclic immersion corrosion test showed that the mass loss of the four materials after corrosion ranked in the following ascending order: AZM150 < AZ150 < ZM275 < GI1200. The mass loss of the conventional hot-dip zinc-coated steel GI1200 was approximately three times that of ZM275. The two high-aluminum alloyed materials demonstrated the prominent anticorrosion advantage. All four materials presented a small amount of corrosion products accumulated on the surface during different corrosion cycles. AZ150 and AZM150 contained Al-rich phases, on the surface of which a protective alumina film formed. [Conclusion] Zn−Al−Mg alloy coated steels exhibit significantly superior atmospheric corrosion resistance compared with conventional hot-dip zinc-coated steel, making them well-suited for outdoor atmospheric service conditions and replacing the conventional hot-dip zinc-coated steel for widespread applications in various engineering scenarios.

关键词

锌铝镁合金 / 热浸镀 / 周期浸润腐蚀 / 极化曲线测量 / 腐蚀产物

Key words

zinc−aluminum−magnesium alloy / hot-dip coating / cyclic immersion corrosion / polarization curve measurement / corrosion product

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