FOXA1通过Hedgehog信号通路调控子宫内膜癌细胞的增殖与迁移
FOXA1 regulates proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells through the hedgehog signaling pathway
目的 探讨FOXA1通过Hedgehog信号通路对子宫内膜癌细胞增殖和迁移能力的影响。 方法 以人子宫内膜癌细胞RL-95-2作为研究对象,分为shRNA-NC组(转染shRNA-NC),shRNA-FOXA1组(转染shRNA-FOXA1),SAG组(200 nmol·L-1 Hedgehog通路激活剂SAG处理)和联合组(转染shRNA-FOXA1并用200 nmol·L-1 SAG处理)。运用RT-qPCR法检测FOXA1 mRNA的表达水平;用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide,MTT)法和Tunel法检测RL-95-2细胞的增殖和凋亡情况;用Transwell实验检测细胞迁移能力;用Western blotting检测FOXA1、Hedgehog通路、迁移和凋亡相关蛋白的表达水平。 结果 实验结果显示,与shRNA-NC组和SAG组比较,shRNA-FOXA1组和联合组的FOXA1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著下调(P<0.05)。shRNA-FOXA1组和联合组相较于shRNA-NC组和SAG组,细胞增殖活力明显下降,凋亡率明显上升,而SAG组的变化趋势相反(P<0.05)。Transwell实验结果显示,相较于shRNA-NC组,shRNA-FOXA1组的细胞迁移能力明显减弱,而SAG组则增强,联合组介于shRNA-FOXA1组和SAG组之间(P<0.05)。与shRNA-NC组比较,shRNA-FOXA1组细胞中Hedgehog通路蛋白SHh、Smo、Gli1、迁移相关蛋白MMP2、MMP9及抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达水平均显著降低,而促凋亡蛋白Bax的表达水平则显著升高(P<0.05)。SAG组各蛋白的变化趋势与shRNA-FOXA1组相反,其中Smo、Gli1、MMP2、MMP9、Bcl-2表达水平均显著升高,Bax表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),但SHh蛋白表达水平与shRNA-NC组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。联合组中,除SHh蛋白表达水平与shRNA-FOXA1组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余蛋白表达水平均介于shRNA-FOXA1组和SAG组之间,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 FOXA1可能通过调控Hedgehog信号通路影响子宫内膜癌细胞的增殖和迁移,为子宫内膜癌的治疗提供新的分子靶点。
Objective To investigate the effect of FOXA1 on the proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells through the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Methods Human endometrial cancer cell line RL-95-2 was used as the research object. The cells were divided into 4 groups: the shRNA-NC group (transfected with shRNA-NC), the shRNA-FOXA1 group (transfected with shRNA-FOXA1), the SAG group (treated with 200 nmol·L-1 Hedgehog pathway activator SAG), and the combination group (transfected with shRNA-FOXA1 and treated with 200 nmol·L-1 SAG). The mRNA expression level of FOXA1 was detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and TUNEL assay, respectively. Cell migration ability was evaluated by Transwell assay. The protein expression levels of FOXA1, Hedgehog pathway-related proteins, migration-related proteins, and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with the shRNA-NC and SAG groups, the mRNA and protein expression levels of FOXA1 in the shRNA-FOXA1 and combination groups were significantly downregulated (P<0.05). Compared with the shRNA-NC and SAG groups, the proliferation viability of cells in the shRNA-FOXA1 and combination groups was significantly decreased, while the apoptosis rate was significantly increased; conversely, the SAG group showed the opposite trend (P<0.05). Transwell assay results showed that compared with the shRNA-NC group, the migration ability of cells in the shRNA-FOXA1 group was significantly weakened, whereas that in the SAG group was enhanced, and the combination group was intermediate between the shRNA-FOXA1 and SAG groups (P<0.05). Compared with the shRNA-NC group, the expression levels of Hedgehog pathway proteins SHh, Smo, and Gli1, migration-related proteins MMP2 and MMP9, and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 were significantly decreased in the shRNA-FOXA1 group, while the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was significantly increased (P<0.05). The SAG group showed the opposite trend to the shRNA-FOXA1 group: the expression levels of Smo, Gli1, MMP2, MMP9, and Bcl-2 were significantly increased, while Bax was significantly decreased (P<0.05);however, SHh protein expression showed no significant difference compared with the shRNA-NC group (P>0.05). Except for SHh protein expression, which showed no significant difference compared with the shRNA-FOXA1 group (P>0.05), the expression levels of other proteins in the combination group were intermediate between those in the shRNA-FOXA1 and SAG groups, with significant differences(P<0.05). Conclusion FOXA1 may regulate the proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells through the Hedgehog signaling pathway, providing a novel molecular target for the treatment of endometrial cancer.
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