基于A β 假说联系多种机制探讨药食同源物质治疗阿尔茨海默病的研究进展
Research progress of medicine-food dual-use materials in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease based on A β hypothesis and multiple mechanisms
目的 探讨Aβ发病机制与阿尔茨海默病的关联,如激活炎症反应、诱发氧化应激、诱导神经细胞凋亡及与肠道菌群相互作用等;以及与Aβ密切关联的信号通路,如丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPK)、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase, PI3K)/蛋白激酶 B(protein kinase B, Akt)、Wnt、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR)等信号通路在阿尔茨海默病病理过程中的作用。 方法 以Aβ为核心切入点,对药食同源成分在抵御阿尔茨海默病作用机制方面的具体表现予以综述。 结果 枸杞子、栀子、黄芪、石菖蒲、郁金等药食同源物质可通过调控不同信号通路,抑制Aβ生成及其神经毒性,改善阿尔茨海默病患者的认知功能障碍。 结论 借助药食同源物质具备的多靶点、多层次等特点,对阿尔茨海默病进行预防与改善,提升患者的生活质量,减轻医药治疗带来的沉重负担,并为制订适宜的干预策略提供参考。
Objective This study investigates the association between the pathogenesis of Aβ and Alzheimer's disease, including its roles in activating inflammatory responses, inducing oxidative stress, promoting neuronal apoptosis, and interacting with gut microbiota; as well as the functions of Aβ-related signaling pathways such as mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt), Wnt,mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) in the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease. Methods Using Aβ as a central focus, this review summarized the specific mechanisms by which pharmacognosic compounds exert protective effects against Alzheimer's disease. Results Pharmacognosic substances such as Lycium barbarum, Gardenia jasminoides, Astragalus membranaceus, Acorus tatarinowii, and Curcuma longa can inhibit Aβ formation and its neurotoxicity by modulating various signaling pathways, thereby improving cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion Leveraging the multi-targeted and multi-level characteristics of pharmacognosic compounds, this approach offers potential strategies for preventing and alleviating Alzheimer's disease, enhancing patients' quality of life, reducing the burden associated with pharmacotherapy, and providing evidence-based insights for developing tailored intervention strategies.
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黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2023H073)
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