污水对水泥基材料的侵蚀机理与防护方法研究综述

Review on the erosion mechanism and protection methods of sewage on cement-based materials

摘要

为探讨污水环境对水泥基构筑物耐侵蚀能力的影响,本文通过归纳总结的方法,综述分析侵蚀机理和防护技术等国内外研究成果,为污水结构防腐研究与发展提出建议。首先,分析了物理、化学以及微生物联合作用对污水构筑物的侵蚀机制。在此基础上,进行材料改性、表面涂层和杀菌剂等耐久性提升技术对比分析。最后,系统总结了污水作用下水泥基材料及构筑物侵蚀试验方法。研究结果表明,污水侵蚀下水泥基材料面层劣化机制还有待进一步明晰,复合防护技术更有利于提高混凝土材料耐侵蚀能力,从微生物源头进行的污水侵蚀试验方法仍需要进一步开展研究。

Abstract

To investigate the impact of sewage environments on the erosion resistance of cement-based structures, this paper reviews and analyzes domestic and international research findings on erosion mechanisms and protection technologies through a summarization and synthesis approach, thereby proposing recommendations for future research and development in protection strategies for sewage structures. First, the erosion mechanisms under the combined effects of physical, chemical, and microbial actions on sewage structures are analyzed. Based on this, a comparative analysis of durability enhancement technologies, including material modification, surface coatings, and biocides is conducted. Finally, experimental methods for examining the erosion of cement-based materials and structures in sewage environments are systematically summarized. The results reveal that the surface deterioration mechanisms of cement-based materials under sewage erosion require further clarification, composite protection technologies show greater potential for enhancing erosion resistance, and there remains a need for more research on experimental methods that address microbial sources in sewage erosion studies.

关键词

污水环境 / 微生物作用 / 侵蚀机理 / 防护方法 / 耐久性

Key words

sewage environment / microbial action / erosion mechanism / protection method / durability

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基金资助

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划面上项目(2024JC-YBMS-383)