新型雀替式黏弹性阻尼器增强直榫节点试验及理论研究

Experimental and theoretical study on the reinforcement of straight tenon joints by a novel sparrow bracket type viscoelastic damper

摘要

本文采用一种增强传统木结构榫卯节点的新型雀替式黏弹性阻尼器，为了细致地研究增强措施在抗震性能方面带来的影响，通过开展增强前后典型直榫节点的低周反复荷载试验，推导了该阻尼器剪切存储模量G′与变形u₀的非线性变化关系，将直榫节点增强前后的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化特征以及耗能能力等抗震性能指标的变化情况进行对比分析。从节点几何变形特征出发，创建了增强直榫节点的弯矩－转角模型。研究结果表明，使用该阻尼器增强直榫节点可行，增强后节点的滞回曲线较为饱满，滞回环面积增大。ZS-1为直榫节点，ZS-2为阻尼器增强直榫节点。在整个加载过程中，ZS-2的最大承载力较ZS-1有大幅提升，正向承载力最大提升了185.5%，负向承载力最大提升了170.8%。该阻尼器可以提高直榫节点的刚度储备，ZS-2的正负向初始刚度较ZS-1分别提升354.0%、239.3%；ZS-2的滞回耗能始终保持在ZS-1之上，总滞回耗能提升了135.9%。构建了直榫节点弯矩－转角理论模型，并且理论模型的计算数值与试验结果进行对比，二者契合度较高。该理论模型能够为新型雀替式黏弹性阻尼器在传统木结构中用于增强直榫节点的实际应用提供可靠的理论支撑。

Abstract

This paper employs a novel corbel-type viscoelastic damper to enhance traditional mortise-tenon joints in timber structures. To meticulously investigate the impact of this enhancement on seismic performance, low-cycle repeated loading tests were conducted on typical mortise-tenon joints before and after enhancement. The nonlinear relationship between the damper’s shear storage modulus G′ and deformation u ₀ was derived. The changes in seismic performance indicators, such as hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, stiffness degradation characteristics, and energy dissipation capacity, before and after enhancement of the joints were compared and analyzed. A moment-rotation model for the enhanced mortise-tenon joints was created based on the geometric deformation characteristics of the joints. ZS-1 is a straight tenon joint, while ZS-2 is a damper-enhanced straight genon joint. The results demonstrate that enhancing mortise-tenon joints using this damper is feasible. The hysteresis curve of the enhanced joint is fuller, and the hysteresis loop area is increased. Throughout the loading process, the maximum bearing capacity of ZS-2 is significantly improved compared to ZS-1, with a maximum increase of 185.5% in positive bearing capacity and a maximum increase of 170.8% in negative bearing capacity. The damper improves the stiffness reserve of the straight mortise-tenon joints; the initial stiffness of ZS-2 is increased by 354.0% in the positive direction and 239.3% in the negative direction compared to ZS-1. The hysteretic energy dissipation of ZS-2 consistently remains higher than that of ZS-1, with a total hysteretic energy dissipation increase of 135.9%. A theoretical model of the bending moment-rotation angle of the tenon joint was constructed, and the calculated values of the theoretical model were compared with experimental results, showing a high degree of agreement. This theoretical model provides reliable theoretical support for the practical application of the novel corbel viscoelastic damper in traditional timber structures to reinforce tenon joints.

关键词

木构架 / 新型雀替式黏弹性阻尼器 / 低周往复试验 / 抗震性能

Key words

wood frame / novel sparrow bracket type viscoelastic damper / low-cycle reversed loading test / seismic performance

参考文献

[1] 聂雅雯, 陶忠. 黏弹性阻尼器增强传统木结构半榫节点试验研究[J]. 建筑结构, 2021, 51(1): 107-113.

[2] Nie Yawen, Tao Zhong. Experimental study on half mortise-tenon joints with viscoelastic dampers reinforced in traditional timber structure[J]. Building Structure, 2021, 51(1): 107-113. (in Chinese)

[3] 陆伟东, 居兴鹏, 邓大利. 村镇典型木结构榫卯及木构架抗震性能试验研究[J]. 工程抗震与加固改造, 2012, 34(3): 82-85.

[4] Lu Weidong, Ju Xingpeng, Deng Dali. Seismic performance of the typical timber structure and mortise-tenon joints in villages[J]. Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting, 2012, 34(3): 82-85. (in Chinese)

[5] 熊海贝, 刘应扬, 姚亚, 等 . 梁柱式木结构加固方法及抗侧力性能试验研究[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 44(5): 695-702.

[6] Xiong Haibei, Liu Yingyang, Yao Ya, et al. Experimental study of reinforcement methods and lateral resistance of glued-laminated timber post and beam structures[J]. Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science), 2016, 44(5): 695-702. (in Chinese)

[7] 薛建阳, 任国旗, 张家珩, 等 . 角钢加固传统民居十字形半榫节点抗震性能试验研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2021, 42(1): 103-112.

[8] Xue Jianyang, Ren Guoqi, Zhang Jiaheng, et al. Experimental study on seismic performance of cross-shaped half-tenon joint reinforced by angle in traditional dwellings[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2021, 42(1): 103-112. (in Chinese)

[9] Tannert T, Lam F. Progress in structural engineering and materials: timber construction self-tapping screws as reinforcement for rounded dovetail connections[J]. Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 2009, 16(3): 374-384.

[10] Yin Tianxiao, Guo Chenyue, Wang Zhiqiang, et al. Mechanical properties of mortise-tenon joints reinforced by self-tapping screws with different insertion methods[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2023, 366: 130243.

[11] 王文波. 古建木结构榫卯节点加固后力学性能研究[D]. 南京: 东南大学, 2017.

[12] Wang Wenbo. Study on mechanical properties of reinforced mortise-tenon joints in ancient timber structures[D]. Nanjing: Southeast University, 2017. (in Chinese)

[13] 孙文, 陆伟东, 刘伟庆. 碳纤维布加固透榫木构架抗震性能试验[J]. 南京工业大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 37(2): 91-96.

[14] Sun Wen, Lu Weidong, Liu Weiqing. Seismic performance of through-tenon joint strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer in wood structure[J]. Journal of Nanjing Tech University(Natural Science Edition), 2015, 37(2): 91-96. (in Chinese)

[15] 梁旭. 钢构件加固木结构节点抗震性能研究[D]. 北京: 北京工业大学, 2022.

[16] Liang Xu. Study on seismic performance of wood joints reinforced with steel members[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Technology, 2022. (in Chinese)

[17] 金昱成. 村镇木结构民居榫卯节点抗震性能研究[D]. 昆明: 昆明理工大学, 2022.

[18] Jin Yucheng. Study on seismic performance of mortise-tenon joints of timber structural residential houses in villages[D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2022. (in Chinese)

[19] 葛子毅, 姜绍飞, 蔡旺昕. 拼装抱箍加固穿斗式木结构传统民居振动台试验研究[J]. 工程力学, 2025, 42(10): 78-89.

[20] Ge Ziyi, Jiang Shaofei, Cai Wangxin. Shaking table test for reinforcement of traditional dwellings of Chuan-Dou timber structure by assembled hoops[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2025, 42(10): 78-89. (in Chinese)

[21] 邹爽, 霍林生, 李宏男. 用于村镇木结构建筑的新型角位移阻尼器的性能实验研究[J]. 工程力学, 2011, 28(3): 62-68.

[22] Zou Shuang, Huo Linsheng, Li Hongnan. Foundation experiments research of new angle-displacement damper for wood frame structures in rural areas[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2011, 28(3): 62-68. (in Chinese)

[23] 潘毅, 王超, 唐丽娜, 等 . 古建筑直榫节点扁钢与阻尼器加固比较研究[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2014, 49(6): 981-986, 1031.

[24] Pan Yi, Wang Chao, Tang Lina, et al. Comparative research on flat steel and damper strengthening of straight type of tenon-mortise joints[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2014, 49(6): 981-986, 1031. (in Chinese)

[25] 高永林, 陶忠, 叶燎原, 等 . 传统穿斗木结构榫卯节点附加黏弹性阻尼器振动台试验[J]. 土木工程学报, 2016, 49(2): 59-68.

[26] Gao Yonglin, Tao Zhong, Ye Liaoyuan, et al. Shaking table tests of mortise-tenon joints of a traditional Chuan-Dou wood structure attached with viscoelastic dampers[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2016, 49(2): 59-68. (in Chinese)

[27] 聂雅雯, 陶忠, 高永林. 黏弹性阻尼器增强传统木结构燕尾榫节点试验研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2021, 42(1): 125-133.

[28] Nie Yawen, Tao Zhong, Gao Yonglin. Experimental study on dovetail mortise-tenon joints with viscoelastic dampers in traditional timber structures[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2021, 42(1): 125-133. (in Chinese)

[29] Xue Jianyang, Wu Chenwei, Zhang Xicheng, et al. Experimental and numerical study of mortise-tenon joints reinforced with innovative friction damper[J]. Engineering Structures, 2021, 230: 111701.

[30] 张锡成, 胡成明, 吴晨伟, 等 . 形状记忆合金丝加固古建筑木结构直榫节点抗震性能研究[J]. 工程力学, 2022, 39(4): 164-176.

[31] Zhang Xicheng, Hu Chengming, Wu Chenwei, et al. Research on aseismic behavior of straight tenon joints reinforced by sma strings in ancient timber buildings[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2022, 39(4): 164-176. (in Chinese)

[32] 赵聪, 陶忠, 戴必辉, 等 . 黏弹性阻尼器加固穿斗式木结构振动台试验研究[J]. 施工技术(中英文), 2022, 51(9): 20-26.

[33] Zhao Cong, Tao Zhong, Dai Bihui, et al. Shaking table test of bucket type wood structure strengthened with viscoelastic damper[J]. Construction Technology, 2022, 51(9): 20-26. (in Chinese)

[34] Yi Duhang, Fan Yuanqing, Pan Yi, et al. Seismic behavior of predamaged mortise-and-tenon joints reinforced using viscoelastic dampers[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2023, 149(9): 04023124.

[35] 陈庆军, 李冰州, 陈奕年, 等 . 雀替型阻尼器加固箍头榫木框架结构的抗震性能[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 51(4): 9-20.

[36] Chen Qingjun, Li Bingzhou, Chen Yinian, et al. Seismic performance of hoop head tenon frame structure reinforced by sparrow bracket type damper[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2023, 51(4): 9-20. (in Chinese)

[37] 兰香, 张兴仙, 邵一凡, 等 . 黏滞阻尼器参数对框架结构减震效率的影响研究[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2024, 33(5): 176-187.

[38] Lan Xiang, Zhang Xingxian, Shao Yifan, et al. Study on the influence of viscous damper parameters on the damping efficiency of frame structure[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2024, 33(5): 176-187. (in Chinese)

[39] 刘明明. 新型自复位黏弹性阻尼器理论研究与数值分析[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2020, 29(5): 108-114.

[40] Liu Mingming. Theoretical study and numerical analysis of a new type of self-restoring viscoelastic damper[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2020, 29(5): 108-114. (in Chinese)

[41] Lin W C, Yu C H, Tsai M A, et al. Hysteretic behavior of viscoelastic dampers subjected to damage during seismic loading[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2022, 53: 104538.

[42] Huang Weiyuan, Shi Fei, Zhang Chao, et al. Seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame with lead viscoelastic damper under main shock-aftershock sequences[J]. Structures, 2022, 41: 1624-1636.

[43] GB/T 15777-2017 木材顺纹抗压弹性模量测定方法[S].

[44] GB/T 15777- 2017 Method for determination of the modulus of elasticity in compression parallel to grain of wood[S]. (in Chinese)

[45] GB/T 1927.11-2022 无疵小试样木材物理力学性质试验方法第11部分: 顺纹抗压强度测定[S].

[46] GB/T 1927.11- 2022 Test methods for physical and mechanical properties of small clear wood specimens Part 11: determination of ultimate stress in compression parallel to grain[S]. (in Chinese)

[47] GB/T 1927.12-2021 无疵小试样木材物理力学性质试验方法第12部分: 横纹抗压强度测定[S].

[48] GB/T 1927.12- 2021 Test methods for physical and mechanical properties of small clear wood specimens Part 12: determination of strength in compression perpendicular to grain[S]. (in Chinese)

[49] GB/T 1927.13-2022 无疵小试样木材物理力学性质试验方法第13部分: 横纹抗压弹性模量测定[S].

[50] GB/T 1927.13- 2022 Test methods for physical and mechanical properties of small clear wood specimens Part 13: determination of the modulus of elasticity in compression perpendicular to grain[S]. (in Chinese)

[51] 徐荣荣. 穿斗木构架附加新型雀替式粘弹性阻尼器的力学性能研究[D]. 昆明: 昆明理工大学, 2023.

[52] Xu Rongrong. Study on basalt fiber reinforced soil wall resistance seismic performance[D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2023. (in Chinese)

[53] 彭国威, 陶忠, 徐荣荣, 等 . 新型雀替式黏弹性阻尼器试验与力学性能分析[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2024, 33(5): 210-217.

[54] Peng Guowei, Tao Zhong, Xu Rongrong, et al. Experimental and mechanical performance analysis of novel sparrow bracket type viscoelastic dampers[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2024, 33(5): 210-217. (in Chinese)

[55] 王道航, 潘文, 周娴, 等 . 新型黏弹性复合材料阻尼器性能试验研究[J]. 地震工程与工程振动, 2020, 40(6): 158-167.

[56] Wang Daohang, Pan Wen, Zhou Xian, et al. Research on experimental properties of novel viscoelastic composite dampers[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics, 2020, 40(6): 158-167. (in Chinese)

[57] 李诫. 营造法式[M]. 上海: 商务印书馆, 1950.

[58] Li Jie. Create a French style[M]. Shanghai: The Commercial Press, 1950. (in Chinese)

[59] JGJ/T 101- 2015 建筑抗震试验规程[S].

[60] JGJ/T 101- 2015 Specification for seismic test of buildings[S]. (in Chinese)

[61] 高永林. 基于木材摩擦机理和嵌压特性的传统木结构典型榫卯节点试验研究及理论分析[D]. 昆明: 昆明理工大学, 2017.

[62] Gao Yonglin. Experimental study and theoretical analysis of traditional timber typical mortise-tenon joints based on the wood friction mechanism and embedded pressure characteristics[D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2017. (in Chinese)

[63] 聂雅雯. 基于木材嵌压机理与摩擦理论的传统木结构数值模拟研究[D]. 昆明: 昆明理工大学, 2020.

[64] Nie Yawen. Numerical simulation of traditional timber structure modelling based on the wood embedded pressure characteristics and friction mechanism[D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2020. (in Chinese)

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(52268051)

云南省农业联合专项项目(202301BD070001-128)