密实装药床内燃气射流对发射药药粒运动特性影响

Impact of Gas Jet on the Motion Characteristics of Propellant Particles in Dense Propellant Room

摘要

以某105 mm大口径火炮的主装药床内球形发射药药粒为研究对象,深入研究金属中心传火管产生的燃气射流进入主装药床后球形发射药药粒的运动特性。搭建了简化过的密实装药床点传火试验平台,得到了试验工况下(燃气射流质量流量$\dot{m}$=30 kg/s)药粒堆积床的终态药粒堆积形态。根据密实装药点传火试验平台建立了密实装药床的计算模型,分别使用EDEM软件和Fluent软件获取颗粒相与流体相信息,两者之间通过CFD-DEM耦合接口这一信息交换通道计算颗粒相与流体相的互相影响。为了研究燃气射流的质量流量对药粒运动特性的影响,选取了两个质量流量($\dot{m}$=25 kg/s,$\dot{m}$=35 kg/s),模拟计算得到了两个工况下终态药粒堆积形态及4个时刻(t=0.15,1,2,5 ms)的速度分布。与试验工况的模拟计算结果进行对比,终态药粒堆积形态发生了3种变化:堆积床空腔底部高度不同,前后两个坡状堆积高度顺序不同,水平堆积的起始点位置不同。对比4个时刻的速度分布,可以发现质量流量较低的工况药粒获得的速度更少,药粒堆积床形态的变化速度也更慢,从而影响了终态药粒堆积床形态。

Abstract

For the spherical propellant particles in the main charge room of a certain 105 mm large-caliber artillery, the motion characteristics of the spherical propellant particles after the gas jet produced by the metal center igniter tube entering the main load room was studied. A simplified ignition test platform for dense propellant room was constructed, and the final state of the propellant particles heap room under the test conditions (gas jet mass flow rate $\dot{m}$ =30 kg/s) was obtained. Based on the dense load ignition test platform, a computational model of the dense load room was established, and particle phase and fluid phase information were obtained using EDEM software and Fluent software, respectively. The influence between the particle phase and the fluid phase was calculated through the CFD-DEM coupling interface, which served as an information exchange channel. To research the effect of the mass flow rate of the gas jet on the motion characteristics of the propellant particles, two mass-flow-rates ($\dot{m}$ =25 kg/s, $\dot{m}$ =35 kg/s) were selected. Simulation calculations were performed to obtain the final state of the propellant particles heap morphology and the velocity distribution at four moments (t=0.15,1,2,5 ms) under the two conditions. Comparing the simulation results with the test conditions, the final state of the propellant particles heap morphology exhibits three variations: the height of the bottom of the heap room is different, the order of the heights of the two sloped heaps at the front and back is different, and the starting position of the horizontal heap is different. Comparing the velocity distributions at four different times, the propellant particles acquire less velocity under conditions with lower mass flow rates, and the rate of change of the load room morphology is slower, thereby affecting the final shape of the load room.

关键词

离散单元法 / 点传火 / 质量流量 / 运动特性

Key words

discrete element method / ignition / mass flow / motion characteristics

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金(52076111)