波浪扰动下的水面平衡发射特性研究

Study on Characteristics of Balanced Launching From Water Surface Under Wave Perturbation

摘要

当前的战场环境要求把高价值作战平台及其乘员的危险减小到最小程度，发展打击力更强、隐蔽性更好的战场武器。针对海上无人发射系统的性能要求，以水面浮式发射筒为研究对象，采用线性波浪理论分析了海浪对发射平台的作用形式，提出了一种新的水面平衡发射方式，建立了波浪扰动下的水面发射动力学模型，通过仿真，对不同波浪等级以及平台初始偏角下水面发射的动力学特性进行了对比研究。结果表明，平衡发射时平台的偏转角较正常发射时大幅减小；不同波浪等级和初始偏角对平衡发射系统的影响主要体现在平台的偏转角上，波浪等级越高，平台的偏转幅度越大；由初始偏角以及波浪相位所决定的浮囊吃水深度越大，平台的偏转幅度越大，载体在出筒过程中随平台的偏转幅度产生不同程度的震荡；由于水动力与内弹道作用力相比较小且发射时间极短，不同工况对发射系统的内弹道特性几乎无影响。

Abstract

The current battlefield environment requires the minimization of danger to high-value combat platforms and their occupants, and the development of battlefield weapons with greater lethality and better concealment. In view of the performance requirements of the unmanned missile system at sea, taking the surface floating launcher as the research object, the linear wave theory was used to analyze the action of the wave on the launcher platform, and a new surface balanced launch method was proposed. A dynamic model of the surface launch under the wave disturbance was established, and the dynamic characteristics of the surface launch under the different wave levels as well as the initial deflection angle of the platform were compared by simulation. The results show that the deflection angle of the platform during the balanced launch is greatly reduced compared with that of the normal launch. The influence of different wave levels and initial deflection angles on the balanced launch system is mainly reflected in the deflection angle of the platform. The higher the wave level, the higher the deflection amplitude of the platform. The higher the draft depth of the float bladder determined by the initial deflection angle and the phase of the wave, the higher the deflection amplitude of the platform is. During the process of exiting the tube, the carrier has a greater effect on the deflection amplitude of the platform. Since the hydrodynamic force is small compared with the internal ballistic pressure and the launching time is very short, the different working conditions have almost no effect on the internal ballistic characteristics of the launching system.

关键词

内弹道 / 波浪 / 水面发射 / 动力学特性

Key words

internal ballistics / wave / water surface launch / dynamic characteristics

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