基于GA-BP神经网络的水介质药型罩结构优化

Structural Optimization of Water-medium Shaped Charge Liner Based on GA-BP Neural Network

摘要

相较于传统金属射流,聚能水射流在销毁爆炸物时具有低附带损伤优势,为得到水介质药型罩在多结构参数协同作用下的最优结构,提出一种基于GA-BP神经网络的水介质药型罩结构优化方法。以喇叭形药型罩为研究对象,选取水层厚度、药型罩高度和母线曲率半径为关键因素。首先采用L25正交设计方案进行数值模拟,通过极差分析辨识出主要影响因素,初步获得参数组合A2B5C5,即水层厚度为1.5mm,药型罩高度为50mm,母线曲率半径为60mm。进而,为克服正交设计在连续空间全域寻优能力的局限,构建GA-BP神经网络模型,利用其非线性映射与全域寻优能力进行优化。结果表明:GA-BP优化获得的参数组合,即水层厚度为1.37mm,药型罩高度为49.59mm,母线曲率半径为62.69mm,可使水射流头部速度提升至11730m/s,较正交优化结果提高5.2%;水的可压缩性使得水射流形态与性能区别于金属射流,爆轰驱动下形成的水射流比金属射流更长,速度更高,头部明显膨胀,密度沿轴向递减且头部密度偏低。该方法有效实现了水介质药型罩结构参数的全域优化,为聚能水射流技术的工程应用提供设计参考。

Abstract

Compared to traditional metal jets, shaped charge water jets offer advantages in terms of minimizing collateral damage while destroying explosives. To obtain the optimal structure of a water-medium liner under the synergistic effects of multiple structural parameters, a structural optimization method for water-medium liners based on GA-BP neural network was proposed. Taking a horn liner as the target, the water layer thickness, liner height and generatrix curvature radius were selected as key factors. Firstly, L25 orthogonal experimental design was employed for numerical simulation, and the primary influencing factors were identified through range analysis, and the parameter combination A2B5C5 was preliminarily obtained, namely water layer thickness of 1.5mm, liner height of 50mm, and generatrix curvature radius of 60mm. Furthermore, to overcome the limitations of orthogonal design in global optimization within continuous space, a GA-BP neural network model was constructed, leveraging its nonlinear mapping and global optimization capabilities. The results indicate that the parameter combination optimized by GA-BP (water layer thickness of 1.37mm, liner height of 49.59mm, and generatrix curvature radius of 62.69mm) can increase the head velocity of the water jet to 11730m/s, which is 5.2% higher than the orthogonal optimization result. The compressibility of water leads to differences in the morphology and performance of the water jet compared to metal jets; under detonation driving, the water jet formed is longer and faster than the metal jet, with significant head expansion, and density decreases along the axial direction, with lower density at the head. This method effectively achieves global optimization of the structural parameters of water-medium liners, providing design references for the engineering application of shaped charge water jet technology.

关键词

聚能水射流 / GA-BP神经网络 / 附带损伤 / 结构优化 / 药型罩 / 数值模拟

Key words

shaped charge water jet / GA-BP neural network / collateral damage / structural optimization / shaped charge liner / numerical simulation

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金(12202285)

辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(JYTMS20230182)

沈阳理工大学引进高层次人才科研支持计划资金资助()