基于CE/SE方法考虑黏性的铝粉/空气三维爆轰模拟

Three-dimensional Detonation Simulation of Aluminum-air With Viscosity Based on CE/ SE Method

摘要

摘要:针对固体燃料脉冲爆轰发动机工程研发需求，现有数值模拟多采用二维或者无黏简化假设，忽略流体黏性与三维流场耦合效应，难以准确刻画管壁边界层、黏性耗散对爆轰传播、压力分布及速度场的影响。为此开展了考虑流体黏性的铝粉/ 空气三维两相爆轰数值模拟研究。将气体黏性完整引入建模框架，基于柱坐标系建立圆柱形爆轰管内铝粉－空气三维黏性两相爆轰数学模型，依托 ＣＥ/ ＳＥ(守恒元－求解元)方法，完成三维黏性两相爆轰全过程高精度数值仿真。通过仿真结果系统剖析不同时刻爆轰波压力场、气固两相速度场的时空演化规律，获得爆轰从点火、压缩波叠加、ＤＤＴ 转变直至自持稳定传播的完整阶段特征，对比有无黏性条件下的流场差异，揭示流体黏性对爆轰波传播速度、峰值压力、近壁面流场参数的作用机理。计算结果表明该模型能够精准捕捉两相爆轰强间断特征，为完善铝粉/ 空气爆轰多相爆轰理论体系、揭示铝粉燃烧转爆轰(ＤＤＴ)内在机理提供了重要的理论支撑，为脉冲爆轰发动机优化设计提供理论依据。

Abstract

Abstract:Aiming at the engineering-research requirements of solid-fuel pulse detonation engines, most existing numerical simulations adopt two-dimensional or inviscid simplifying assumptions, neglecting fluid viscosity and three-dimensional flow-field coupling effects. Consequently, they cannot accurately characterize the influences of tube-wall boundary layers and viscous dissipation on detonation propagation, pressure distribution and velocity fields. Accordingly, this paper conducted numerical simulation research on three-dimensional two-phase aluminum-particle/ air detonation with fluid viscosity taken into account. In this work, gas viscosity was fully incorporated into the modeling framework, and a mathematical model for three-dimensional viscous two-phase aluminum-particle/ air detonation inside a cylindrical detonation tube was established in the cylindrical coordinate system. High-precision numerical simulation of the full process of three-dimensional viscous two-phase detonation was implemented based on the CE/ SE (Conservation Element and Solution Element) method. From simulation results, the temporal-spatial evolution of detonation-wave pressure fields and gas-solid two-phase velocity fields at different instants was systematically analyzed. Full-stage characteristics covering ignition, compression-wave superposition, DDT (Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition) and self-sustained stable detonation propagation were obtained. Flow-field differences under viscous and inviscid conditions were compared to reveal the action mechanism of fluid viscosity on detonation-wave propagation velocity, peak pressure and near-wall flow-field parameters. Calculation results demonstrate that the proposed model can precisely capture the strong-discontinuity features of two-phase detonation. It provides important theoretical support for improving the multiphase detonation theoretical system of aluminum-particle/ air detonation and uncovering the inherent mechanism of aluminum-particle DDT, as well as furnishing a theoretical basis for the optimal design of pulse detonation engines.

关键词

脉冲爆轰发动机 / 铝粉/ 空气 / 三维两相爆轰 / ＣＥ/ ＳＥ 方法 / 流体黏性 / 气固两相流

Key words

pulse detonation engine / aluminum powder/ air / three-dimensional two-phase detonation / CE/ SE method / fluid viscosity / gas-solid two-phase flow

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基金资助

江苏海事职业技术学院博士启动基金(KJCX-1807)