封育对蒿类荒漠草地土壤微生物碳源利用特征的影响
阿斯太肯·居力海提null , 孙宗玖 , 于冰洁 , 迪达尔·比苏力旦null , 李美莎 , 敬一胜
草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (01) : 29 -40.
封育对蒿类荒漠草地土壤微生物碳源利用特征的影响
Effects of enclosure on soil microbial carbon source utilization characteristics of sagebrush desert grassland
为探究蒿类荒漠草地土壤微生物碳源利用特征对封育的响应规律,以新疆昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县和玛纳斯县蒿类荒漠草地为对象,采取野外实地调查及室内分析相结合的方法,对封育内外土壤微生物碳源利用特征进行测定,并结合植被特征、土壤理化性质对其驱动因素进行分析。结果表明:1)封育后蒿类荒漠草地地上生物量及凋落物生物量分别显著增加142.53%~250.05%和135.68%~259.84%(P<0.05),0~10 cm、30~50 cm土层土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷含量分别增加4.88%~35.33%、10.48%~46.58%和4.48%~21.88%,其中全氮和全磷含量部分变化显著(P<0.05);2)封育后蒿类荒漠草地土壤微生物群落对6类碳源利用程度均明显增加,且两个土层表现一致(P>0.05);3)封育后微生物群落功能多样性除呼图壁样地0~10 cm土层外,其余土层McIntosh指数和Shannon-Wiener指数分别增加14.72%~47.01%和36.29%~74.76%,而Simpson指数降低1.09%~7.53%(P>0.05)。封育提高了蒿类荒漠草地微生物多样性;4)通过冗余分析,发现封育下蒿类荒漠草地0~10 cm土层微生物碳源主要驱动因子为土壤有机碳和凋落物,而30~50 cm土层则为土壤全磷和地上生物量。综上所述,封育加强了蒿类荒漠草地土壤微生物的代谢活性,推动了蒿类荒漠草地生态系统的养分循环和转化(有机碳、全氮和全磷),提高了蒿类荒漠草地微生物多样性,促进了蒿类荒漠退化草地的恢复。
This study was conducted in Hutubi and Manas Counties of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and investigated how soil microbial carbon source utilization patterns in sagebrush desert grassland changed in response to fencing enclosure. Field investigation and laboratory analyses were combined to measure and analyze the characteristics of soil microbial carbon source utilization both inside and outside the enclosure. Factors driving responses were examined based on vegetation characteristics and physicochemical properties of the soil. The results showed: 1) After fencing enclosure, the aboveground biomass (AGB) and litter biomass (LB) of sagebrush desert grassland were significantly increased by 142.53%-250.05% and 135.68%-259.84% (P<0.05), respectively. The contents of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in 0-10 cm and 30-50 cm soil layers were increased by 4.88%-35.33%, 10.48%-46.58% and 4.48%-21.88%, respectively, and the contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus also showed significant changes (P<0.05). 2) The utilization by soil microbial communities of six categories of carbon source increased significantly after enclosure, and the behavior of surface and deeper soil layers was consistent (P>0.05). 3) After enclosure, the McIntosh index and Shannon-Wiener index increased by 14.72%-47.01% and 36.29%-74.76%, respectively, while the Simpson index decreased by 1.09%-7.53% (P>0.05), except in the 0-10 cm soil horizon in Hutubi County. Enclosure improved the microbial diversity of sagebrush desert grassland. 4) Through redundancy analysis, it was found that the main driving factors of microbial carbon source in the 0-10 cm soil layer were SOC and litter biomass, while the driving factors in the 30-50 cm soil layer were soil TP and aboveground biomass. In conclusion, the enclosure by fencing in sagebrush desert grassland was found to enhance the metabolic activity of soil microorganisms, thereby fostering nutrient cycling and transformation within the ecosystem, specifically in terms of SOC, TN and TP. Furthermore, this practice led to an improvement in microbial diversity, ultimately promoting the restoration of degraded grassland and enhancing the overall health and resilience of the sagebrush desert grassland ecosystem.
封育 / 蒿类荒漠草地 / 碳源代谢活性 / 微生物碳源多样性 / Biolog-ECO法
enclosure / sagebrush desert grassland / metabolic activity of carbon sources / microbial carbon source diversity / Biolog-ECO
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新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室开放课题(2022D04003)
国家自然科学基金项目(32060408)
高校基本科研业务费(XJEDU2022J006)
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