白三叶几丁质酶基因家族鉴定及TrChit3功能分析
秦晓芳 , 何芷睿 , 贾彤 , 杨玉娇 , 付薇 , 李航 , 彭燕
草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10) : 187 -201.
白三叶几丁质酶基因家族鉴定及TrChit3功能分析
Identification of the chitinase gene family and functional analysis of TrChit3 from white clover
几丁质酶是一种糖苷水解酶,在植物生长发育过程中发挥着重要作用。目前几丁质酶在白三叶应答各种生物和非生物胁迫的相关研究报道相对较少。本研究对白三叶的几丁质酶基因家族进行了全基因组鉴定,得到了44个几丁质酶基因,不均匀分布于白三叶16条染色体上,通过系统进化分析将这些几丁质酶分为GH18和GH19分支,5个不同的小组:I~V。其中29个基因属于GH18亚家族,15个基因属于GH19亚家族,且同一亚族基因具有相似的结构和功能,启动子分析发现,这44个几丁质酶基因的启动子区域包含与生长发育、激素及逆境胁迫相关的多种顺式作用元件,此外,qRT-PCR分析显示,盐胁迫和干旱胁迫处理显著诱导了几丁质酶基因的表达,进一步验证了其在植物胁迫响应中的作用。选择TrChit3基因深入研究几丁质酶基因的抗旱能力。在拟南芥中过表达TrChit3基因并进行干旱胁迫处理,测定相对电导率、丙二醛等生理指标,结果显示在干旱条件下过表达TrChit3基因能够显著提高拟南芥的耐旱能力。研究结果为植物中几丁质酶基因的探索奠定了基础。
Chitinases are glycoside hydrolases that play an important role in plant growth and development. Relatively few studies have focused on the responses of chitinases to various biotic and abiotic stresses in white clover (Trifolium repens). Therefore, in this study, we searched the whole genome of white clover to identify and characterize its chitinase gene family. A total of 44 chitinase genes were identified in the whole genome of white clover, and they were unevenly distributed on 16 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis of these chitinase genes classified them into two mega-groups (GH18 and GH19), with five separate clusters (I-V). Twenty-nine chitinase genes belonged to the GH18 subfamily and 15 belonged to the GH19 subfamily. The genes within the same subfamily genes encoded proteins with similar structures and functions. Promoter analysis showed that the promoter regions of these 44 chitinase genes contained a variety of cis-acting elements related to growth and development, hormones, and stress. Furthermore, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that salt stress and drought stress resulted in significant increases in the transcript levels of chitinase genes, which further verified their roles in the plant stress response. TrChit3 was selected for a detailed analysis of its role in drought resistance. Overexpression of TrChit3 in Arabidopsis thaliana enhanced its resistance to drought stress, as measured by changes in physiological indexes such as relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content. These results lay a foundation for further studies on the roles of chitinases in plants.
white clover / chitinase / gene family / expression analysis
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四川省饲草创新团队项目(SCCXTD-2024-16)
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