藜麦霜霉病及其综合防控研究进展
王昶 , 闵庚梅 , 张丽娟 , 陆建英 , 牛早霞 , 魏玉明 , 杨发荣
草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (09) : 194 -205.
藜麦霜霉病及其综合防控研究进展
Progress in research on quinoa downy mildew and its integrated control
藜麦以其全面均衡的营养和卓越的抗逆性,在优化人们膳食结构、增加农民收入及保障国家粮食安全等方面发挥着重要作用。藜麦霜霉病是藜麦生产中最具破坏性的全球性病害,严重制约藜麦产业发展。藜麦霜霉病由卵菌引起,其异宗配合生殖是霜霉菌种群不断进化和致病力分化的动力。种子带菌可进行远距离传播和系统侵染,因此,其防治十分困难。我国藜麦霜霉病研究起步较晚、研究滞后。国外学者对藜麦霜霉病开展了大量研究工作,然而,霜霉菌最初被错误鉴定,也影响其研究进程。从霜霉病发生危害规律、病原菌分类鉴定、生物学特性、侵染循环及农业、物理、生物和化学防治措施等方面进行综述,并提出存在的问题,展望未来研究热点与方向,以期为我国藜麦霜霉病的研究提供参考与指导。
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) has a rich and balanced nutrient profile, and also shows excellent stress resistance. It is an important crop because it increases farmers’ income and contributes to national food security in China. Quinoa downy mildew is the most destructive disease of this crop plant worldwide, and it seriously restricts the development of the quinoa industry. Quinoa downy mildew is caused by the oomycete Peronospora variabilis, and its heterothallic mating system is the driving force for its continuous evolution and pathogenicity differentiation of pathogen populations. Seed-borne pathogens can spread over long distances and cause systemic infections. Therefore, it is very difficult to control this disease. Research on quinoa downy mildew in China has lagged behind that in other countries, where extensive studies have been conducted. Downy mildew pathogens were initially misidentified, which affected the progress of research in this field. In this review, we systematically summarized the occurrence and damage, pathogen identification, biological characteristics and infection cycle of quinoa downy mildew caused by Peronospora variabilis. Furthermore, we discussed the agricultural, physical, biological, and chemical methods used to control quinoa downy mildew. Finally, we addressed existing challenges in current research, and proposed future research priorities and directions. The overall aim of this review is to provide a reference and guidance for further research on quinoa downy mildew in China.
quinoa / downy mildew / Peronospora variabilis / integrated control
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甘肃省农业科学院博士基金项目(2023GAAS27)
甘肃省农业科学院院级科研计划项目(2024GAAS25)
甘肃省农业科学院重点研发项目(2022GAAS19)
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