Burkholderia sp. SX9菌剂对白三叶生长和改良土壤的影响
李春艳 , 王钱进 , 周芯合 , 曹文静 , 赵梦丽 , 虞方伯
草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11) : 53 -65.
Burkholderia sp. SX9菌剂对白三叶生长和改良土壤的影响
Effects of Burkholderia sp. SX9 inoculants on Trifolium repens growth and soil improvement
为了应对我国耕地质量下降现状,丰富生物改良技术手段,研发应用微生物菌剂具有重要意义。以伯克霍尔德氏菌属SX9为供试菌株,研究其促生特性,并通过盆栽试验对比不同浓度菌剂(T1~T3处理)、培养液(T4~T6处理),以及纯水(CK)对白三叶生长、根际土壤理化性质以及微生物群落的影响。结果显示,Burkholderia sp. SX9具备产纤维素分解酶、蛋白酶和氨等多种促生特性;Burkholderia sp. SX9菌剂能够促进白三叶生长,相较CK和T4处理,T1处理(菌剂原液)白三叶可溶性糖含量显著增加60.56%和31.26%,可溶性蛋白含量显著增加43.32%和15.52%,根系增长20.31%和5.48%;种植白三叶能够改善根际土壤酸碱环境;T1处理有利于电导率提升,相较T4处理,有效磷和速效钾含量分别增加27.22%和9.27%;T1和T2处理加速了土壤有机质分解,T1与T4相比和T2与T5相比,含量分别降低5.23%和2.07%。Alpha多样性分析显示,T1处理显著降低了根际土壤中真菌和细菌的丰富度、多样性和均匀度。高通量测序分析显示,真菌方面,T1处理显著降低了子囊菌门、青霉属和曲霉属等的相对丰度,增加了腐质霉属和未分类真菌属等的相对丰度;细菌方面,T1处理显著降低了放线菌门、酸杆菌门、67-14属和热酸菌属等的相对丰度,增加了变形菌门、Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia属和未分类菌属等的相对丰度。土壤理化因子关联性分析显示,pH与酸杆菌门丰度正相关,与担子菌门丰度负相关;有效磷和速效钾含量与担子菌门、放线菌门和芽单胞菌门丰度正相关,与子囊菌门、球囊菌门和绿弯菌门等负相关;有机质含量与变形菌门和芽单胞菌门丰度负相关。研究结果表明Burkholderia sp. SX9能够促进白三叶生长,改善土壤肥力状况,揭示了根际土壤微生物群落结构的动态变化规律,为丰富学科研究内容和土壤改良手段提供了支持。
The development and application of microbial inoculants is of high importance to addressing the decline in cultivated land quality in China and implementation of biological remediation technologies. This study investigated the plant growth-promoting traits of Burkholderia sp. strain SX9 and evaluated its effects on white clover (Trifolium repens) growth, rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, and microbial communities in pot experiments. Treatments included varying concentrations of bacterial inoculants (original solution, 500-fold dilution and 1000-fold dilution; T1-T3,respectively), culture solutions (original solution, 500-fold dilution and 1000-fold dilution, T4-T6, respectively), and purified water (CK). It was found that Burkholderia sp. strain SX9 exhibited multiple growth-promoting characteristics, including cellulase, protease and ammonia production. Compared with CK and T4, T1 (original inoculant) significantly increased soluble sugar content in white clover by 60.6% and 31.3%, soluble protein content by 43.3% and 15.5%, and root length by 20.3% and 5.48%, respectively. White clover cultivation improved the pH of rhizosphere soil. T1 enhanced electrical conductivity, with available phosphorus and potassium increasing by 27.2% and 9.27% compared to T4. Additionally, T1 and T2 accelerated organic matter decomposition; T1 organic matter content decreased by 5.23% relative to T4, and T2 by 2.07% relative to T5. Alpha diversity analysis revealed that T1 significantly reduced fungal and bacterial richness, diversity, and evenness in rhizosphere soil. High-throughput sequencing indicated that T1 decreased the relative abundance of Ascomycota, Penicillium, and Aspergillus while increasing Humicola and unclassified fungi. For bacteria, T1 reduced Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, Unnamed genus 67-14, and Acidothermus, but elevated Proteobacteria, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, and unclassified bacteria. Correlation analysis revealed that pH positively correlated with Acidobacteriota but negatively with Basidiomycota. Available phosphorus and potassium showed positive associations with Basidiomycota, Actinobacteriota, and Gemmatimonadota, but negative correlations with Ascomycota, Glomeromycota, and Chloroflexi. Organic matter content was negatively correlated with Proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadota. The research results show that Burkholderia sp. SX9 enhances white clover growth, improves soil fertility, and dynamically reshapes rhizosphere microbial communities. These findings provide scientific data to inform further research and underpin development of soil improvement strategies.
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国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32102299)
浙江省重点创新团队资助项目(2013TD12)
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