苜蓿种子发芽特性和萌发早期抗氧化系统对老化的生理和分子响应研究
孙守江 , 刘昊臻 , 徐淑涵 , 张景鈜 , 李淑霞 , 张金青 , 高雪芹 , 伏兵哲
草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11) : 195 -204.
苜蓿种子发芽特性和萌发早期抗氧化系统对老化的生理和分子响应研究
Germination characteristics and antioxidant responses of alfalfa seeds to aging treatment
为研究老化苜蓿种子发芽特性、萌发早期抗氧化系统生理变化规律以及探索抗氧化相关基因对种子老化的响应模式,以老化紫花苜蓿种子为材料,研究了老化处理后种子发芽特性、萌发早期种子抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物含量的变化规律,并分析了抗氧化系统相关基因表达量的变化。结果表明,老化处理不仅抑制了苜蓿种子萌发进程,同时显著影响了种子萌发后幼苗的正常生长,导致萌发后期幼苗较小。老化处理也严重影响了活性氧(ROS)的代谢,导致老化种子萌发早期过氧化氢(H2O2)含量升高,过氧化物酶(POD)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性显著(P<0.05)降低,抗坏血酸(AsA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量也极显著(P<0.01)降低。抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物含量降低使种子抗氧化能力降低。此外,老化处理也显著(P<0.05)抑制了抗氧化系统中MsCAT1、MsPOD12、MsDHAR、MsGR1、MsFe-SOD和MsMn-SOD的表达。基于抗氧化生理和基因表达模式分析,从抗氧化系统中挖掘到一些关键的候选基因,为深入研究种子老化的分子调控机制提供了重要基因资源,也为进一步研究这些候选基因调控种子活力的精确途径奠定了基础。
The aims of this study were to investigate the germination characteristics of aged alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seeds, the physiological changes in their antioxidant system during the early stage of germination, and the responses of antioxidant-related genes to seed aging. We observed seed germination characteristics and determined antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidant contents during the early stage of germination following an aging treatment, and analyzed the transcript profiles of genes related to the antioxidant system. The results show that an aging treatment not only inhibited the germination of alfalfa seeds, but also significantly affected seedling growth after germination, leading to smaller seedlings. The aging treatment also severely impacted the metabolism of reactive oxygen species, resulting in increased H2O2 levels during early germination of aged seeds, a significant decrease in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes peroxidase and glutathione reductase, and a marked reduction in the contents of the antioxidants ascorbic acid and glutathione. The decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity and antioxidant content reduced the seeds’ antioxidant capacity. Additionally, the aging treatment led to significantly lower transcript levels of MsCAT1, MsPOD12, MsDHAR, MsGR1, MsFe-SOD, and MsMn-SOD,which encode important enzymes in the antioxidant system. On the basis of analyses of antioxidant physiology and gene transcript profiles, several key candidate genes in the antioxidant system were identified. These genes will be important targets for further research on the molecular regulation of seed aging. The results of this study lay the foundation for further studies on the precise pathways through which these candidate genes regulate seed vigor.
| [1] |
TeKrony D M, Egli D B. Relationship of seed vigor to crop yield: A review. Crop Science, 1991, 31(3): 816-822. |
| [2] |
Finch-Savage W E, Bassel G W. Seed vigour and crop establishment: Extending performance beyond adaptation. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2016, 67(3): 567-591. |
| [3] |
Zhou W G, Chen F F, Luo X F, et al. A matter of life and death: Molecular, physiological, and environmental regulation of seed longevity. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2020, 43(2): 293-302. |
| [4] |
Aken O V. Mitochondrial redox systems as central hubs in plant metabolism and signalling. Plant Physiology, 2021, 186(1): 36-52. |
| [5] |
Bailly C. Active oxygen species and antioxidants in seed biology. Seed Science Research, 2007, 14(2): 93-107. |
| [6] |
Mignolet-Spruyt L, Xu E, Idanheimo N, et al. Spreading the news: Subcellular and organellar reactive oxygen species production and signalling. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2016, 67(13): 3831-3844. |
| [7] |
Hasanuzzaman M, Bhuyan M, Anee T I, et al. Regulation of ascorbate-glutathione pathway in mitigating oxidative damage in plants under abiotic stress. Antioxidants, 2019, 8(9): 384. |
| [8] |
Brand K A, Hermfisse U. Aerobic glycolysis by proliferating cells: A protective strategy against reactive oxygen species. FASEB Journal, 1997, 11(5): 388-395. |
| [9] |
Nietzel T, Mostertz J, Ruberti C, et al. Redox-mediated kick-start of mitochondrial energy metabolism drives resource-efficient seed germination. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019, 117(1): 741-751. |
| [10] |
Renard J, Ninoles R, Martinez-Almonacid I, et al. Identification of novel seed longevity genes related to oxidative stress and seed coat by genome-wide association studies and reverse genetics. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2020, 43(10): 2523-2539. |
| [11] |
Lee Y P, Baek K H, Lee H S, et al. Tobacco seeds simultaneously over-expressing Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase display enhanced seed longevity and germination rates under stress conditions. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2010, 61(9): 2499-2506. |
| [12] |
Nigam M, Mishra A P, Salehi B, et al. Accelerated aging induces physiological and biochemical changes in tomato seeds involving MAPK pathways. Scientia Horticulturae, 2019, 248: 20-28. |
| [13] |
Xue F, Gao B, Qiao G H, et al. Analysis of the differences in green farming behavior of operating agents in grassland pastoral areas. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2023, 11: 1109430. |
| [14] |
Song X Q, Yang Z R, Zhang D, et al. Proteomic analysis of the effect of accelerated ageing on Allium mongolicum seeds. Horticulturae, 2023, 9(10): 9101155. |
| [15] |
Xia F S, Cheng H, Chen L L, et al. Influence of exogenous ascorbic acid and glutathione priming on mitochondrial structural and functional systems to alleviate aging damage in oat seeds. BMC Plant Biology, 2020, 20: 1-11. |
| [16] |
Milivojević M, Ripka Z, Petrović T. ISTA rules changes in seed germination testing at the beginning of the 21st century. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 2018, 22(1): 40-45. |
| [17] |
Lu J Y, Tian H, Zhang H S, et al. Effects of H2O2 immersion on seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa under salt stress. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(10): 141-152. |
| [18] |
陆姣云, 田宏, 张鹤山, H2O2浸种对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响. 草业学报, 2023, 32(10): 141-152. |
| [19] |
Luo Y J, Zhang Y X, Le J Y,et al. Full-length transcriptome sequencing reveals the molecular mechanism of Metasequoia glyptostroboides seed responding to aging. Antioxidants, 2023, 12(7): 1353. |
| [20] |
Kurek K, Plitta-Michalak B, Ratajczak E. Reactive oxygen species as potential drivers of the seed aging process. Plants, 2019, 8(6): 174. |
| [21] |
Sun M, Sun S J, Mao C L, et al. Dynamic responses of antioxidant and glyoxalase systems to seed aging based on full-length transcriptome in oat (Avena sativa L.). Antioxidants, 2022, 11(2): 395. |
| [22] |
Gu J W, Hou D L, Li Y H, et al. Integration of proteomic and genomic approaches to dissect seed germination vigor in Brassica napus seeds differing in oil content. BMC Plant Biology, 2019, 19: 1-20. |
| [23] |
Livak K J, Schmittgen T D. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-ΔΔCT method. Methods, 2001, 25(4): 402-408. |
| [24] |
Bailly C, Benamar A, Corbineau F, et al. Changes in malondialdehyde content and in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase activities in sunflower seeds as related to deterioration during accelerated aging. Plant Physiology, 1996, 97(1): 104-110. |
| [25] |
Velikova V, Yordanov I, Edreva A. Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain-treated bean plants: Protective role of exogenous polyamines. Plant Science, 2000, 151(1): 59-66. |
| [26] |
Ratajczak E, Małecka A, Ciereszko I, et al. Mitochondria are important determinants of the aging of seeds. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2019, 20(7): 1568. |
| [27] |
Nigam M, Singh N, Ranjan V, et al. Centchroman mediated apoptosis involves crosstalk between extrinsic/intrinsic pathways and oxidative regulation. Life Sciences, 2010, 87(23): 750-758. |
| [28] |
Ratajczak E, Małecka A, Bagniewska-Zadworna A, et al. The production, localization and spreading of reactive oxygen species contributes to the low vitality of long-term stored common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seeds. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2015, 174: 147-156. |
| [29] |
Li J, Lei B, Zhai M H, et al. Study on the response mechanism of the AsA-GSH cycle in cotton seedling under low temperature stress. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 35(1): 221-228. |
| [30] |
Sercel A J, Sturm G, Gallagher D, et al. Hypermetabolism and energetic constraints in mitochondrial disorders. Nature Metabolism, 2024, 6(2): 192-195. |
| [31] |
Ding S H, Wang L, Yang Z P, et al. Decreased glutathione reductase 2 leads to early leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2016, 58(1): 29-47. |
| [32] |
Manna M, Rengasamy B, Sinha A K. Revisiting the role of MAPK signalling pathway in plants and its manipulation for crop improvement. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2023, 46(8): 2277-2295. |
| [33] |
Morgan M J, Lehmann M, Schwarzlander M, et al. Decrease in manganese superoxide dismutase leads to reduced root growth and affects tricarboxylic acid cycle flux and mitochondrial redox homeostasis. Plant Physiology, 2008, 147(1): 101-114. |
宁夏自然科学基金(2025A1211)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |