沙棘叶片和根系浸提液对5种乔灌植物的化感潜力
Allelopathic effects of Hippophae rhamnoides leaf and root extracts on five plant species
为了解陕北黄土高原农牧交错区典型树种沙棘对其他植物的化感作用,本研究以沙棘为对象,采用生物测试法,分析其叶和根浸提液对侧柏、油松、刺槐、柠条、沙棘5种植物幼苗阶段的影响。结果表明:1)不同浓度叶和根浸提液对5种植物幼苗阶段具有显著的化感作用(P<0.05),且对5种植物的化感效应存在一定的差异。沙棘浸提液对沙棘和油松幼苗阶段的化感效应整体表现为抑制,对刺槐和柠条幼苗阶段的化感效应整体表现为促进。2)沙棘浸提液对植物幼苗阶段的抑制程度总体上为根>茎>种子萌发>鲜重。3)沙棘叶浸提液对植物的抑制作用明显大于根浸提液。4)从化感效应指数和综合化感效应指数来看,沙棘浸提液对沙棘抑制率最大,1.0 g·L-1根浸提液对种子发芽的抑制率为46.0%,5.0 g·L-1叶浸提液对茎生长(苗高)的抑制率为34.7%,10.0 g·L-1根浸提液对根生长的抑制率为85.1%。5)0.1和 0.5 g·L-1叶浸提液对沙棘根长的抑制率达22.4%和29.0%,5.0和10.0 g·L-1叶浸提液对沙棘根长的抑制率达80.6%和72.1%。在低浓度下,对植物幼苗的生长没有明显的抑制作用;在高浓度下,则产生显著的抑制效果。因此,在恢复黄土高原农牧交错区植被时,应充分考虑树种间的化感作用关系,避免将具有强烈抑制作用的树种配置在一起,确保林分可持续发展。
The aim of this study was to explore the allelopathic potential of Hippophae rhamnoides in the agro-pastoral ecotone of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi, with an overall goal to provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration. Root and leaf extracts were prepared from H. rhamnoides, a typical shrub species on the Loess Plateau. Using the bioassay method, we determined the effects of these extracts on the seed germination and seedling growth of five plant species (Platycladus orientalis, Pinus tabulaeformis, Robinia pseudoacacia, Caragana korshinskii, and H. rhamnoides). 1) Different concentrations of leaf and root extracts had significant allelopathic effects on the seedlings of the five plant species (P<0.05), although the nature of the allelopathic effects differed among the five species. The H. rhamnoides extracts had an inhibitory effect on seedlings of H. rhamnoides and P. tabulaeformis, and a promoting effect on seedlings of R. pseudoacacia and C. korshinskii. 2) The degree of inhibition of H. rhamnoides extracts varied among plant organs, with the strongest inhibitory effect on root growth, followed by stem elongation, seed germination, and then fresh weight. 3) The H. rhamnoides leaf extract had a stronger inhibitory effect than the root extract. 4) In terms of the allelopathic response index and comprehensive allelopathic index, the H. rhamnoides extracts showed the strongest inhibitory effect on itself; the inhibition rates of germination rate, stem length, and root length of H. rhamnoides were 46.0%, 34.7%, and 85.1%, respectively. 5) The inhibition rates of the leaf extract at 0.1 and 0.5 g·L-1 on the root length of H. rhamnoides were 22.4% and 29.0%, respectively, and those of the 5.0 and 10.0 g·L-1 leaf extracts on the root length of H. rhamnoides were 80.6% and 72.1%, respectively. At low concentrations, the extracts had no obvious inhibitory effects on the growth of plant seedlings; but at high concentrations, they showed significant inhibitory effects. Therefore, when restoring the vegetation in the agro-pastoral ecotone of the Loess Plateau, the allelopathic relationships among tree species should be fully considered to avoid growing tree species together, with strong inhibitory effects. This management strategy will promote the stability and sustainability of mixed forest in this habitat.
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国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1300401)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC050170502)
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