基于CoLM陆面模式的不同类型草地生长季碳水通量及其影响因素
Carbon and water fluxes of different grassland types in the growing season based on the Common Land Model
草地生态系统是我国陆地面积最大的生态系统,其碳水通量对陆-气物质和能量循环起着重要作用。本研究优化了CoLM陆面模式的根系吸水(RWUF)和土壤呼吸(SRF)过程,评估了模型在不同草地生态系统碳水通量模拟中的适用性,模拟并分析了不同类型草地碳水通量生长季变化和日变化趋势,探讨了不同类型草地碳水过程的关键影响因子。结果表明:优化后的CoLM陆面模式对不同草地生态系统生长季碳水通量模拟的适用性较好,对蒸散发(ET)的模拟结果整体优于碳通量[总初级生产力(GPP)、生态系统呼吸(Reco)、净生态系统交换量(NEE)]。温性荒漠、温性草原、荒漠草原和山地草甸的生长季蒸散发总量均大于降水量,温性草原、荒漠草原和山地草甸生长季碳吸收量分别为-28.2、-41.5和-152.0 g C·m-2,均表现出对碳的固定,且碳固持能力顺序为山地草甸>荒漠草原>温性草原。降水和净辐射是影响不同类型草地生长季蒸散发最主要的因素,且与碳水通量呈显著正相关(P<0.01),相较于干旱地区低植被覆盖草地蒸散发受土壤蒸发的影响明显,植被覆盖较好的草地生态系统蒸散发受植物蒸腾作用的影响更大;叶面积指数是草地生态系统碳交换量最主要的影响因素,其次是降水和净辐射。研究结果为了解干旱-半干旱区草地生态系统碳、水过程及其对气候变化的响应提供了一定的参考。
Grassland ecosystems occupy the largest area among the terrestrial ecosystems in China, and their carbon and water fluxes play an important role in the land-air carbon and energy cycles. In this study, we optimized the root water uptake function (RWUF) and soil respiration function (SRF) of a Common Land Model, evaluated the applicability of the model to the simulation of carbon and water flux in different grassland ecosystems, simulated and analyzed trends in the seasonal and daily variation of carbon and water flux in different grassland types, and discussed the key factors influencing water and carbon processes in different grassland types. It was found that the Common Land Model was suitable for simulating carbon and water fluxes in different grassland ecosystems during the growing season, and the simulation results of evapotranspiration (ET) were better than those of carbon fluxes (gross primary productivity, ecosystem respiration, net ecosystem exchange). The total evapotranspiration of temperate desert, temperate steppe, desert steppe and mountain meadow in the growing season is greater than precipitation, and the carbon uptake of temperate steppe, desert steppe and mountain meadow in the growing season is -28.2, -41.5, and -152.0 g C·m-2, respectively, showing carbon fixation and carbon sequestration capacity ranking as: Mountain meadow>desert steppe>temperate steppe. Precipitation and net radiation were the most important factors affecting evapotranspiration of different grassland types during the growing season, and were significantly positively correlated with carbon and water flux (P<0.01). With low vegetation cover in arid land, evapotranspiration was more significantly affected by soil evaporation than was the case with grassland, and evapotranspiration of grassland with good vegetation cover was more affected by plant transpiration. Leaf area index (LAI) was the most important factor affecting carbon exchange in grassland ecosystems, followed by precipitation and net radiation. This study provides a framework for understanding the carbon and water cycling processes of grassland ecosystems and their responses to climate change in arid and semi-arid areas.
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国家自然科学基金(42161024)
自治区财政林草科技项目(XJLYKJ-2023-18)
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