野牛草种质耐盐性综合评价及评价模型的初步构建
Multivariate evaluation of the salt tolerance of Buchloe dactyloides germplasm lines and construction of a preliminary evaluation model
本研究采用土培法,以来自美国得克萨斯州、内布拉斯加州等地的15份野牛草种质为材料,在600 mmol·L-1 NaCl溶液胁迫条件下进行培养,测定并综合分析了株高、茎粗等表型特征,叶片相对含水量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、脯氨酸(Pro)含量等生理生化指标,葡萄糖、蔗糖、淀粉含量等渗透调节物质及α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶、总淀粉酶活性等与碳水化合物代谢相关的酶活性,共计13项指标。研究结果显示,不同种质材料间耐盐性差异显著(P<0.05),采用主成分分析与隶属函数法相结合的方法构建了一种适用于野牛草耐盐性评估的综合评价体系。其中Bd324和Bd769综合指数表现较优,其隶属函数均值分别达到0.85和0.75。野牛草耐盐性评价回归方程为D=0.351+0.266X1-0.211X2-0.191X3+0.121X4+0.144X5+0.093X6。本研究筛选出的优良种质为后续耐盐育种工作提供了重要材料,同时为盐渍化土地生态修复实践提供了理论依据和种质资源储备。
In this study, we evaluated the salt tolerance of 15 germplasm lines of buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides) using a soil culture method. These materials were obtained from places such as Texas and Nebraska in the USA. The germplasm lines were cultivated under saline stress, which was imposed by irrigation with 600 mmol·L-1 NaCl solution. A total of 13 traits were measured and the data submitted to principal component and membership function analyses. The 13 traits were: phenotypic characteristics (plant height and stem diameter) and physiological and biochemical indexes [relative water content of leaves, peroxidase (POD) activity, superoxide dismutase activity, contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, and osmotic adjustment substances, i.e., glucose, sucrose, and starch, and activities of enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism, i.e., α-amylase, β-amylase, and total amylase]. On univariate analysis of the traits separately, we detected significant differences in salt tolerance among the germplasm lines (P<0.05). Principal component analysis found four principal components (PCs) with eigenvalues greater than 1. PC1 (eigenvalue 3.835) was interpreted as reflecting growth and tolerance under salt stress; PC2 (eigenvalue 2.623) reflected starch metabolism under salt stress; PC3 (eigenvalue 1.814) reflected osmotic regulation capacity under salt stress; PC4 (eigenvalue 1.452) reflected carbohydrate metabolism and energy supply under salt stress. Using a combination of principal component analysis and the membership function method, we constructed a multivariate evaluation system for the assessment of the salt tolerance of B. dactyloides. Among the tested materials, Bd324 and Bd769 showed higher multivariate scores, and their average membership function (D) values were 0.85 and 0.75, respectively. Using stepwise regression to predict the D value from the original 13 variables, we obtained the following regression equation for evaluating the salt tolerance of B. dactyloides: D=0.351+0.266X1-0.211X2-0.191X3+0.121X4+0.144X5+0.093X6,where X1 to X6 correspond to MDA, starch content, POD, total amylase activity, stem thickness, and relative water content of leaves, respectively. The germplasm identified in this study as having superior salt tolerance traits will be useful for breeding new salt-tolerant varieties of B. dactyloides. Our findings and collected germplasm also provide a theoretical basis and useful materials for the ecological restoration of saline-alkali land.
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内蒙古农业大学一流学科科研专项(YLXKZX-NND-003)
中国林业科学研究院基础研究基金项目(CAFYBB2022XA002)
国家林业和草原局“优良牧草品种选育”(202201┫优秀生选拔公开竞赛项目资助)
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