微生物菌剂与有机钙蛋白配施对紫花苜蓿生长和土壤酶活性的影响
张颖 , 贺善睦 , 何傲蕾 , 李昌宁 , 姚拓
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (01) : 25 -39.
微生物菌剂与有机钙蛋白配施对紫花苜蓿生长和土壤酶活性的影响
Effects of microbial inoculants combined with organic calcium protein on alfalfa growth and soil enzyme activity
为研究微生物菌剂与有机钙蛋白联合配施对紫花苜蓿生长和土壤酶活性的影响,以蕈状芽孢杆菌Y1、莫哈韦芽孢杆菌LrM2和产黄假单胞菌M1为候选菌株,制备了3种浓度的微生物菌剂(108、109和1010 cfu·mL-1),每种浓度的微生物菌剂分别配施5种有机钙蛋白添加量(2%、4%、6%、8%和10%),通过盆栽试验观测各处理对紫花苜蓿生长性状、营养品质、根系形态和土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:1)各处理均能促进紫花苜蓿生长,第1茬干重最高的是D4处理(1010 cfu·mL-1微生物菌剂+6%有机钙蛋白),为1.47 g·30株-1,第2茬干重最高的是B5处理(108 cfu·mL-1微生物菌剂+8%有机钙蛋白),为5.5 g·30株-1;2)微生物菌剂与有机钙蛋白配施显著提高了紫花苜蓿的总根长、根直径、根表面积和根体积,在同一微生物菌剂浓度前提下,随有机钙蛋白增加,以上指标均呈先增加后降低的趋势;3)C5处理(109 cfu·mL-1微生物菌剂+8%有机钙蛋白)的紫花苜蓿相对饲用价值可达226.56,D5处理(1010 cfu·mL-1微生物菌剂+8%有机钙蛋白)的总叶绿素含量最高;4)与单独施用微生物菌剂相比,两者配施提高了土壤碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶及脲酶活性;5)经优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)综合评价,D4处理不但能促进紫花苜蓿生长,还可以提高土壤酶活性,可在生产上推广应用。
To investigate the effects of the combined application of microbial inoculants and organic calcium protein on alfalfa (Medicago sativa) growth and soil enzyme activity, three candidate strains [Bacillus mycoides (Y1), Bacillus mojavensis (LrM2), and Pseudomonas synxantha (M1)] were used to prepare a microbial inoculant applied at three concentrations (108, 109, and 1010 cfu·mL-1). Each inoculant concentration was paired with five supplementation levels of organic calcium protein (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) in a pot experiment. The effects of these treatments on alfalfa growth traits, nutritional quality, root morphology, and soil enzyme activity were evaluated. The results showed that: 1) All treatments promoted alfalfa growth. The highest dry yield in the first crop (1.47 g·30 plants-1) was achieved with treatment D4 (1010 cfu·mL-1 microbial inoculant+6% organic calcium protein), while treatment B5 (108 cfu·mL-1 microbial inoculant+8% organic calcium protein) yielded the highest in the second crop (5.5 g·30 plants-1). 2) The combined application significantly enhanced alfalfa’s total root length, root diameter, root surface area, and root volume. At a fixed inoculant concentration, these parameters initially increased and then decreased with increasing organic calcium protein supplementation. 3) Alfalfa plants in treatment C5 (109 cfu·mL-1 microbial inoculant+8% organic calcium protein) showed the highest relative feed value (RFV=226.56), whereas treatment D5 (1010 cfu·mL-1 microbial inoculant+8% organic calcium protein) resulted in the maximum total chlorophyll content. 4) Compared to the application of microbial inoculant alone, the combined treatment significantly increased the activities of soil alkaline phosphatase, sucrase, catalase, and urease. 5) Based on the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) evaluation, treatment D4 not only enhanced alfalfa growth but also improved soil enzyme activity, demonstrating high potential for practical agricultural application.
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