短期羊粪归还对荒漠草地土壤质量的影响
Effects of short-term sheep manure return on soil quality of desert steppe
放牧家畜的粪便归还在草地土壤养分循环和物理性质改善等方面具有重要作用,但短期家畜粪便归还对荒漠草地土壤质量的影响仍缺乏关注。本研究以宁夏盐池荒漠草地为对象,模拟不同放牧强度下的羊粪蓄积量,探究了4种不同水平的羊粪蓄积量(MN:0 kg·hm-2 ;ML:4000 kg·hm-2 ;MM:8000 kg·hm-2 ;MH:16000 kg·hm-2)对土壤质量的影响。结果表明:1)羊粪归还2年后,土壤温度随着羊粪蓄积量的增加而升高,但土壤平均温度仅MH显著高于MN、ML和MM(P<0.05);土壤平均含水量也仅MH显著高于ML和MM(P<0.05)。2)随着羊粪蓄积量的增加,pH值呈降低趋势,但土壤胞外酶活性呈增加趋势。3)羊粪归还促进了土壤大团聚体的形成,而降低了微团聚体的数量,说明土壤团聚体稳定性随着羊粪蓄积量的增加而增强。4)与MN相比,ML、MM和MH显著增加了土壤质量指数(P<0.05);相关性分析和结构方程模型进一步表明,羊粪归还改善了土壤水热状况,激发了土壤碳氮循环相关酶活性,从而增加了土壤养分的输入及大团聚体的数量,并最终改善了土壤质量。总之,低、中和高羊粪归还量均能够有效改善土壤质量状况,可为退化草地土壤的恢复提供理论依据和实践参考。
The return of livestock manure through grazing plays a significant role in grassland soil nutrient cycling and improvement of physical properties. However, the impact of short-term livestock manure return on soil quality in desert steppes remains understudied. This research simulated sheep manure accumulation under different grazing intensities to explore the effects of four manure accumulation levels (MN, 0 kg·ha-1; ML, 4000 kg·ha-1; MM, 8000 kg·ha-1; MH, 16000 kg·ha-1) on soil quality of a desert steppe in Yanchi, Ningxia. The results demonstrated: 1) After two years of manure application, soil temperature tended to increase with increased manure accumulation level, although the average soil temperature differed significantly only in MH compared to MN, ML and MM (P<0.05). Similarly, average soil moisture content was significantly higher in MH than in ML and MM (P<0.05). 2) Soil pH decreased while extracellular enzyme activity increased with increased manure accumulation. 3) Manure return promoted the formation of soil macro-aggregates while reducing the proportion of micro-aggregates quantities, and the soil stability increased with increased accumulation of sheep manure. 4) Compared to MN, ML, MM and MH also significantly enhanced the soil quality index (P<0.05). Correlation analysis and structural equation modelling further revealed that manure return improved soil hydrothermal conditions, and stimulated enzyme activities related to carbon and nitrogen cycling, thereby increasing nutrient inputs and macro-aggregate formation, and ultimately enhancing soil quality. In conclusion, low, medium and high levels of manure application effectively improved soil quality, providing both a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for restoring degraded grassland soils.
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宁夏重点研发项目(2021BEG03010)
宁夏重点研发项目(2021BEB04002)
宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC05013)
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