新疆高寒草地3种植物根际土壤真菌群落结构及功能多样性
宋一欣 , 李明源 , 麦日艳古·亚生 , 王继莲
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (02) : 167 -178.
新疆高寒草地3种植物根际土壤真菌群落结构及功能多样性
The community structure and functional diversity of rhizosphere soil fungi of three plant species in the alpine grassland of Xinjiang
为探究高寒草地植物根际土壤真菌群落结构和生态功能,利用高通量测序技术分析新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州高寒草地3种植物蒲公英、早熟禾和野胡萝卜根际土壤真菌群落结构差异,并分析其与土壤理化因子间的关系。结果显示,不同植物间真菌群落α多样性无明显差异,但相似性分析(ANOSIM)组间差异检验表明,早熟禾与另两种植物真菌群落结构差异显著。优势菌门包括子囊菌门、担子菌门和被孢霉门;优势菌属为古根菌属、湿伞属、寡囊盘菌属和柄孢壳属。LefSe分析表明,柄孢壳属、湿伞属和古根菌属分别是蒲公英、早熟禾和野胡萝卜的差异标志物。FUNGuild功能预测表明,各样品真菌营养模式以腐生型占主导(相对丰度为27.1%~28.6%),而未定义腐生真菌是最优势功能菌群(相对丰度为18.5%~24.9%)。土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和全氮是影响真菌多样性的关键因子。由此可见,新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州高寒草地根际土壤真菌群落结构具有植物种类特异性,研究结果可为解析植物-微生物互作机制及退化草地可持续管理策略的制定提供科学依据。
This research investigated the rhizosphere fungal community structure and ecological functions among alpine grassland plant species (Taraxacum mongolicum, Poa annua and Daucus carota) in the alpine grassland of Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, using high-throughput sequencing technology. Correlations between soil physicochemical properties and fungal community structure were also analyzed. No significant differences in fungal alpha diversity were found among plant species. However, an analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) test indicated that the fungal community structure of P. annua was significantly different from that of the other two plant species. The dominant fungal phyla were identified as Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellomycota, while the predominant genera included Archaeorhizomyces, Hygrocybe, Thelebolus, and Podospora. LefSe analysis identified Podospora, Hygrocybe, and Archaeorhizomyces as biomarkers significantly associated with T. mongolicum, P. annua, and D. carota, respectively. FUNGuild functional annotation revealed that nutritional modes of fungi across all samples were predominantly saprotrophic (27.1%-28.6%), with undefined saprotroph fungi being the most dominant functional group (18.5%-24.9%). Soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and total nitrogen were identified as key determinants influencing fungal diversity. In conclusion, the structure and composition of rhizosphere fungal communities in the alpine grassland of Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture was specific to plant species. These results provide a scientific basis for analyzing the mechanism of plant-microbe interactions and formulating sustainable management strategies for degraded grassland.
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国家自然科学基金(32160408)
国家自然科学基金(32460428)
第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0200)
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