新疆哈巴河林区草地物种多样性和系统发育多样性分析及影响因素研究
吕烨昕 , 叶茂 , 钱娇蓉 , 陈维龙 , 车静 , 李苗苗 , 曾国燕
草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12) : 50 -61.
新疆哈巴河林区草地物种多样性和系统发育多样性分析及影响因素研究
Biodiversity and phylogenetic diversity of grasslands in the Habahe forest area of Xinjiang and analysis of the influencing factors
为揭示哈巴河林区草地群落构建机制,本研究基于117个草本样方数据,整合物种、谱系发育等生物多样性指标,通过Pearson关联分析与广义线性回归模型(GLM)等方法,阐明生物多样性指标之间的关系,并探讨环境要素对群落结构的影响。结果表明:1)共记录到42种草本植物,隶属于17科37属,优势科为禾本科、菊科、蔷薇科和毛茛科,狗尾草、早熟禾、羽衣草和针茅是主要优势种;2)61.5%的样地净亲缘关系指数(NRI)和净最近亲缘关系指数(NTI)大于0,T检验结果表明群落的发育结构呈显著的聚集模式(P<0.05);3)系统发育多样性指数(PD)与丰富度指数(Ma)、多样性指数(H')、优势度指数(D)和物种丰富度(SR)呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.001);相反,NRI和NTI与H'和D呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05);4)广义线性回归模型分析显示,年均降水量正向影响物种多样性指数和NTI (P<0.05),而物种多样性指数与经度、海拔呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.001),与纬度呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05);年均温与Ma呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),与H'呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.001),但环境要素对PD和NRI无显著影响(P>0.05)。研究表明,水分和地理梯度是调控该区域草地群落多样性特征的关键因素。
In this work, we examined the mechanisms driving grassland community assembly in the Habahe forest region. In total, 117 quadrats were established, and the herbaceous plant community was analyzed on the basis of biodiversity indicators such as species composition and phylogenetic structure. Pearson’s correlation and generalized linear model (GLM) analyses were utilized to explore relationships among biodiversity metrics and to evaluate the impacts of environmental factors on community structure. The main results were as follows: 1) The plant community comprised 42 herbaceous species belonging to 17 families and 37 genera, with Poaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae, and Ranunculaceae being the dominant families. Setaria viridis, Poa annua, Alchemilla japonica, and Stipa capillata were the primary dominant species; 2) The values of the net relatedness index (NRI) and net nearest taxa index (NTI) were above zero in 61.5% of the plots examined, with the independent-samples t-test (T) indicating significant phylogenetic clustering patterns (P<0.05); 3) Phylogenetic diversity index (PD) showed significant positive correlations (P<0.001) with the Margalef diversity index (Ma), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′), Simpson’s dominance index (D), and species richness (SR). In contrast, both the NRI and NTI were negatively correlated (P<0.05) with H′ and D; 4) The results of the GLM analysis revealed that mean annual precipitation positively influenced species diversity indices and NTI (P<0.05). Species diversity indices exhibited robust positive associations with longitude and elevation (P<0.001), but significant negative correlations with latitude (P<0.05). Mean annual temperature was significantly and negatively correlated with Ma (P<0.05) and H′ (P<0.001). Notably, environmental factors did not show significant effects on PD or NRI (P>0.05). These results suggest that moisture availability and geographic gradients play crucial roles in shaping the patterns of grassland community diversity in this particular region.
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阿尔泰山国家林业和草原局生态监测分析项目(2021:73010010251)和国家自然科学基金(42377449)
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