四川省玉米大豆带状复合种植田杂草发生种类及群落特征分析
周诗杰 , 王义莲 , 孙攀 , 尚静 , 杨文钰 , 王学贵 , 杨继芝
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (02) : 143 -154.
四川省玉米大豆带状复合种植田杂草发生种类及群落特征分析
Analysis of weed species and community characteristics in soybean-maize fields with a banded compound planting pattern in Sichuan Province
为明确四川省玉米大豆带状复合种植田杂草发生规律,于2023-2024年采用倒置“W”9点取样法对四川省13市29个乡镇田间杂草进行了调查,计算各地区杂草相对优势度(relative abundance)以明确优势杂草,然后计算优势度指数(Berger Parker index)、丰富度指数(Margalef index)、香农指数(Shannon Wiener index)、辛普森指数(Simpson index)以分析群落特征,最后采用索雷申(Sorensen)群落相似性系数来衡量群落相似程度。结果表明:四川省玉米大豆带状复合种植田共有杂草40科,114种,其中优势杂草8种,区域性优势杂草11种,常见杂草27种,一般杂草68种。2024年,川西南地区杂草优势度指数最高,Berger Parker指数为5.84,Simpson指数、Shannon Wiener指数、Pielou指数均低于其他地区,优势杂草为马唐、空心莲子草、鸭跖草、羽叶蓼,相对优势度分别为25.92、18.11、13.48、10.00;川东地区杂草优势度仅次于川西南地区,优势杂草为稗草、马唐、空心莲子草,相对优势度分别为35.65、11.82、11.76;川西地区Simpson指数、Shannon Wiener指数、Pielou指数均高于其他地区,优势杂草为马唐、荩草、稗草、空心莲子草,相对优势度分别为33.46、33.41、7.61、6.68;川中地区优势杂草为马唐、荩草、打碗花、香附子,相对优势度分别为36.16、14.20、7.95、7.11。由索雷申群落相似性系数得出,不同地区杂草群落结构差异大,相似性指数均在0.5~0.6。因此,马唐、荩草、空心莲子草和稗草是四川玉米大豆带状复合种植不同区域的优势杂草,该研究结果为科学选择防控药剂提供了理论依据。
In order to clarify the current situation of weeds in soybean (Glycine max)-maize (Zea mays) banded compound planting pattern fields in Sichuan Province, the occurrence of the weeds was investigated from 2023 to 2024 in 29 towns of 13 cities in Sichuan Province using an inverted W-shaped nine-point sampling method, and the relative abundance of weeds in each region was calculated to determine the dominant species. This was followed by analysis of community characteristics using the Berger-Parker index, Margalef index, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, and Sorensen similarity coefficient to assess community structural similarities. soybean-maize In 2024, The highest dominance index of weeds was found in the southwestern Sichuan region, with a Berger-Parker index of 5.84, while the Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index were lower than those for weeds in other regions, and where the dominant weeds were Digitaria sanguinalis, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Commelina communis and Persicaria runcinata with relative dominance values of 25.92, 18.11, 13.48 and 10.00, respectively. The second-highest weed dominance was found in the eastern Sichuan region where Echinochloa crus-galli, D. sanguinalis and A. philoxeroides were the dominant weeds, with relative dominance values of 35.65, 11.82 and 11.76, respectively. The Simpson index, Shannon Wiener index, and Pielou index in the western Sichuan region were higher than those in other regions, and the dominant weeds in this region were D. sanguinalis, Arthraxon hispidus, E. crus-galli and A. philoxeroides, with relative dominance values of 33.46, 33.41, 7.61 and 6.68, respectively. The dominant weeds in the central Sichuan region were D. sanguinalis, A. hispidus, Calystegia hederacea and Cyperus rotundus, with relative dominance values of 36.16, 14.20, 7.95 and 7.11, respectively. The Sorensen similarity coefficient analysis revealed significant structural differences in weed communities among different regions, with similarity indices ranging between 0.5 and 0.6. From this analysis, D. sanguinalis, A. hispidus, A. philoxeroides and E. crus-galli emerge across different regions of Sichuan as the dominant weed species in soybean-maize fields sown with a banded compound planting pattern. The findings provide a theoretical basis for the scientific selection of targeted control agents and optimization of weed management strategies.
| [1] |
Yuan X T, Tang S, Luo K, et al. Yield and benefit analysis of soybean and maize strip compound planting—Based on survey data of 16 demonstration provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions). Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2023, 41(5): 834-841, 872. |
| [2] |
袁晓婷, 汤松, 罗凯, 大豆玉米带状复合种植产量与效益分析-基于全国16个示范省(市、区)的调查数据. 四川农业大学学报, 2023, 41(5): 834-841, 872. |
| [3] |
Li H H, Min H, Han S P, et al. Investigation and reflection on chemical control of weeds in soybean and corn strip composite planting in Henan Province. China Plant Protection, 2022, 42(9): 96-98. |
| [4] |
李好海, 闵红, 韩世平, 河南省大豆玉米带状复合种植化学防除杂草情况调查与思考. 中国植保导刊, 2022, 42(9): 96-98. |
| [5] |
Chai J K, Mu P, Zhao G Q, et al. Species composition and characterization of weed communities in oat fields in different regions of Qinghai Province. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2018, 26(2): 306-311. |
| [6] |
柴继宽, 慕平, 赵桂琴, 青海省不同地区燕麦田杂草组成及群落特征. 草地学报, 2018, 26(2): 306-311. |
| [7] |
Ma J, Liu Y, Li J R, et al. Practice and reflection on the prevention and control of diseases, pests, and weeds in the belt composite planting of soybeans and corn in Ningxia. China Plant Protection, 2024, 44(4): 89-92. |
| [8] |
马景, 刘媛, 李健荣, 宁夏大豆玉米带状复合种植病虫草害防控实践与思考. 中国植保导刊, 2024, 44(4): 89-92. |
| [9] |
Zhang J W, Liang Q, Sun J H, et al. Chemical control of weeds and its safety in the intercropping fields of maize and legume crops in the Hexi Corridor Region. Plant Protection, 2023, 49(3): 338-347. |
| [10] |
张锦伟, 梁茜, 孙建好, 河西走廊玉米与豆科作物间作田化学除草及对作物安全性的研究. 植物保护, 2023, 49(3): 338-347. |
| [11] |
Zhang Y, Gu L L, Cao L, et al. Herbicides and their application for corn-soybean strip compound planting. China Plant Protection, 2022, 42(7): 71-75. |
| [12] |
张玉, 谷莉莉, 曹丽, 大豆玉米带状复合种植田除草剂的种类及其应用. 中国植保导刊, 2022, 42(7): 71-75. |
| [13] |
Sun Q Q, Zheng D T, Zhu T S, et al. Screening of pre-emergence herbicides and evaluation of field efficacy in soybean-maize strip intercropping system. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2023, 54(11): 1-14. |
| [14] |
孙倩倩, 郑道田, 朱天山, 大豆-玉米带状复合种植田土壤处理除草剂筛选及田间应用效果评价. 东北农业大学学报, 2023, 54(11): 1-14. |
| [15] |
Luo Y. Screening and evaluation of safe compatibility herbicide formulations for soybean and corn. Changchun: Jilin Agricultural University, 2023. |
| [16] |
罗英. 大豆玉米安全兼容性除草剂配方筛选与评价. 长春: 吉林农业大学, 2023. |
| [17] |
Zhao Y X, Yang H M. Effects of crop pattern, tillage practice and water and fertilizer management on weeds and control mechanisms. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(8): 199-210. |
| [18] |
赵玉信, 杨惠敏. 作物格局、土壤耕作和水肥管理对农田杂草发生的影响及其调控机制. 草业学报, 2015, 24(8): 199-210. |
| [19] |
Xia J G, Deng L J, Zhang L P, et al. Study on soil taxonomy in Sichuan. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2002, 20(2): 117-122. |
| [20] |
夏建国, 邓良基, 张丽萍, 四川土壤系统分类初步研究. 四川农业大学学报, 2002, 20(2): 117-122. |
| [21] |
Geng Y L, Wang H, Wang L H, et al. Effects of 10 pre-emergence herbicides applied in soybean-maize strip intercropping field. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(9): 2890-2896. |
| [22] |
耿亚玲, 王华, 王玲慧, 10种土壤处理除草剂在大豆-玉米带状复合种植田应用效果评价. 草地学报, 2023, 31(9): 2890-2896. |
| [23] |
Ma L, Chen S T, Feng C H, et al. Practice and reflection on plant protection of soybean and corn strip composite planting in Sichuan Province. China Plant Protection, 2022, 42(12): 90-92. |
| [24] |
马利, 陈顺桃, 封传红, 四川省大豆玉米带状复合种植植保工作实践与思考. 中国植保导刊, 2022, 42(12): 90-92. |
| [25] |
Qu M J, Li H M, She Y M, et al. Species and occurrence pattern of weeds in peanut fields of Qingdao. Journal of Peanut Science, 2022, 51(4): 96-102. |
| [26] |
曲明静, 李红梅, 厍月明, 青岛市花生田杂草种类及其发生规律. 花生学报, 2022, 51(4): 96-102. |
| [27] |
Shrestha A, Knezevic S Z, Roy R C, et al. Effect of tillage, cover crop and crop rotation on the composition of weed flora in a sandy soil. Weed Research, 2002, 42(1): 76-87. |
| [28] |
Jin C, Xu M T, Yu S X, et al. Analysis of weed species and community characteristics in sorghum fields in northern Anhui. Plant Protection, 2023, 49(4): 163-170. |
| [29] |
锦程, 许孟桃, 俞少祥, 皖北高粱田杂草种类及群落特征分析. 植物保护, 2023, 49(4): 163-170. |
| [30] |
Ren Y, Liu S, Liu F S, et al. Weed community structure in fields of Astragalus membranaceus of different ages. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(5): 34-41. |
| [31] |
任艳, 刘莎, 刘付松, 不同生长年限黄芪田间杂草群落结构特征. 草业学报, 2021, 30(5): 34-41. |
| [32] |
Han Y J, Zhang Y, Zhou Z R, et al. Variation of weed species composition and community characteristics in wheat fields of Anhui Province. Plant Protection, 2020, 46(4): 210-216. |
| [33] |
韩云静, 张勇, 周振荣, 安徽省麦田杂草种类组成变化及群落特征分析. 植物保护, 2020, 46(4): 210-216. |
| [34] |
Jia J R, Geng Z T, Wang Y C, et al. Emergence dynamics of Abutilon theophrasti in soybean fields in Heilongjiang Province. Plant Protection, 2024, 50(3): 316-321. |
| [35] |
贾金蓉, 耿志同, 王月超, 黑龙江省大豆田苘麻田间发生动态. 植物保护, 2024, 50(3): 316-321. |
| [36] |
Haring S C, Flessner M L. Improving soil seed bank management. Pest Management Science, 2018, 74(11): 2412-2418. |
| [37] |
Liang W, Guo F X, Chen Y, et al. Effects of crop stubble on weed community characteristics in Angelica sinensis fields in an alpine cold region. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(11): 35-46. |
| [38] |
梁伟, 郭凤霞, 陈垣, 高寒区农茬口对当归田杂草群落特征的影响. 草业学报, 2017, 26(11): 35-46. |
| [39] |
Bana R S, Singh D, Nain M S, et al. Weed control and rice yield stability studies across diverse tillage and crop establishment systems under on-farm environments. Soil and Tillage Research, 2020, 204: 104729. |
| [40] |
Gao X X, Li M, Fang F, et al. Species composition and characterization of weed communities in wheat fields in Shandong Province. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(5): 92-98. |
| [41] |
高兴祥, 李美, 房锋, 山东省小麦田杂草组成及群落特征. 草业学报, 2014, 23(5): 92-98. |
| [42] |
Quan L Z, Lou Z X, Lv X, et al. Multimodal remote sensing application for weed competition time series analysis in maize farmland ecosystems. Journal of Environmental Management, 2023, 344: 118376. |
| [43] |
Khattak W A, Sun J, Hameed R, et al. Unveiling the resistance of native weed communities: Insights for managing invasive weed species in disturbed environments. Biological Reviews, 2024, 99(3): 753-777. |
| [44] |
Gao X X, Sun Z W, Li M, et al. The effect of herbicide application timing and dosage on control of Alopecurus myosuroides in winter wheat. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(8): 172-179. |
| [45] |
高兴祥, 孙作文, 李美, 大穗看麦娘化学防控田间效果评价. 草业学报, 2016, 25(8): 172-179. |
大豆玉米带状复合种植绿色防控技术研究与集成示范(2023YFN0018)
国家现代农业产业技术体系四川省创新团队项目(sccxtd-2025-20)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |