不同精粗比饲粮对广丰山羊生产性能、血清生化、瘤胃发酵的影响
贾浩滨 , 江浩筠 , 李爱华 , 王海波 , 林孙权 , 潘月 , 霍俊宏 , 占今舜
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (03) : 170 -184.
不同精粗比饲粮对广丰山羊生产性能、血清生化、瘤胃发酵的影响
Effects of diets with different concentrate-to-roughage ratios on the growth rate, serum biochemical indexes, and rumen fermentation of Guangfeng goats
旨在探讨不同精粗比饲粮对广丰山羊生产性能、血清生化指标和瘤胃发酵的影响。选取39只体重相近的健康广丰山羊随机分为3个处理组(n=13),各组精粗比分别为40∶60(I)、45∶55(II)和50∶50(III),试验期为90 d。结果表明:1)不同精粗比饲粮对广丰山羊的体高、胸围、管围、平均日增重、平均日采食量、料肉比等指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);但试验III组体长显著高于试验I组(P<0.05)。2)试验III组的血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、总胆固醇含量均显著高于其他各组,四碘甲状腺原氨酸(T4)含量显著低于试验II组,三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);试验I组的血清尿素氮含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。3)试验II组肌肉45 min pH值显著高于其他各组,胴体重和熟肉率显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);试验III组的净肉率显著高于试验II组(P<0.05);但试验II组的肌肉赖氨酸、丝氨酸、非必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸、甜味氨基酸、山嵛酸、二十碳三烯酸、花生四烯酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于试验I组(P<0.05);此外,试验III组的眼肌面积显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);试验III组的剪切力、失水率、滴水损失率和肌肉中己酸含量显著低于试验I组,且其肉色红度、黄度和肌肉脯氨酸含量显著高于试验I组(P<0.05)。4)试验III组的瘤胃乳头长度显著高于试验I组,回肠绒毛长度显著高于试验II组(P<0.05);试验I组的瘤胃器官指数显著低于其他各组,肌纤维直径显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。5)试验III组的瘤胃pH值显著高于试验I组,乙酸/丙酸显著高于试验II组(P<0.05)。综上所述,不同精粗比饲粮能够影响广丰山羊的机体代谢,改善其肌肉品质。
We evaluated the effects of different concentrate-to-roughage ratios on the growth rate, serum biochemical indexes, and rumen fermentation of Guangfeng goats. Thirty-nine healthy Guangfeng goats with similar body weight were randomly divided into three treatment groups (n=13). The concentrate-to-roughage ratios in the three groups were 40∶60 (I), 45∶55 (II), and 50∶50 (III), and the experimental period was 90 days. The results indicate that: 1) Different concentrate-to-roughage ratios in the diets had no significant effects on the body height, chest circumference, cannon circumference, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio of Guangfeng goats (P>0.05); however the body length of group III was significantly greater than that of group I (P<0.05). 2) The serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and total cholesterol levels in group III were significantly higher than those of the other groups; the tetraiodothyronine content was significantly lower than that in group II, and the triiodothyronine content was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P<0.05). The serum urea nitrogen content in group I was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P<0.05). 3) The 45-minute pH value of muscle in group II was significantly higher than that in other groups, and the carcass weight and cooked meat rate were significantly lower than those in the other groups (P<0.05). The net meat percentage in group III was significantly higher than that in group II (P<0.05). The contents of lysine, serine, non-essential amino acids, umami amino acids, sweet amino acids, behenic acid, eichlerianic acid, arachidonic acid, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscle of group II were significantly higher than those in the muscle of group I (P<0.05). The loin muscle area of group III was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05). The shear force, rate of water loss, drip loss rate, and hexanoic acid content in the muscle of group III were significantly lower than those in group I, and the redness, yellowness, and proline content in the muscle of group III were significantly higher than those in group I (P<0.05). 4) The rumen papilla length in group III was significantly higher than that in group I, and the ileal villus length was significantly higher than that in group II (P<0.05); the rumen organ index in group I was significantly lower than that in the other groups, and the muscle fiber diameter was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). 5) The pH value of the rumen in group III was significantly higher than that in group I, and the acetic acid/propionic acid was significantly higher than that in group II (P<0.05). In conclusion, different concentrate-to-roughage ratios of diets affect the metabolism of Guangfeng goats and their muscle quality.
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江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCXQN202203)
江西省农业科学院基础研究与人才培养专项(JXSNKYJCRC202407)
江西省农业科学院基础研究与人才培养专项(JXSNKYJCRC202445)
江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JXARS-13-肉羊岗位)资助
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