猫尾草对幼龄肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响
Effects of timothy grass on growth rate, slaughter performance, and meat quality in young meat rabbits
旨在探究猫尾草在伊拉肉兔颗粒饲料中的适宜配比及其对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、器官指数、消化道发育和肉品质的影响。试验采用单因素设计,选用35日龄伊拉肉兔180只,分为对照组和试验Ⅰ至Ⅴ组,分别饲喂含0%、10%、20%、30%、40%和50%猫尾草的颗粒型配合饲料,预试期6 d,正试期54 d。结果显示,饲喂含有10%猫尾草的颗粒料时肉兔90日龄体重和41~90日龄平均日增重分别为2.86 kg和20.99 g·d-1,显著高于除对照组外的其他组(P<0.05);肝脏重为112.69 g,肝脏指数为3.55%,显著促进了肝脏发育(P<0.05)。在肉品质方面,饲喂含有10%猫尾草的颗粒料时,45 min红绿度(a*45 min)为22.33、45 min黄蓝度(b*45 min)为15.95,显著高于除20%添加量外的其他试验组(P<0.05)。此外,随着猫尾草含量的增加,空肠指数(1.49%~1.78%)、结肠指数(0.75%~0.84%)、盲肠长度指数(7.94%~8.56%)、结肠长度指数(7.95%~8.58%)和蚓突长度指数(2.86%~3.26%)显著线性上升(P<0.05)。本研究表明,饲喂含有10%猫尾草的颗粒料可以显著提高肉兔生产性能,促进肝脏发育并改善红绿度和黄蓝度;而当添加超过20%的猫尾草时则会导致生长性能下降,抑制肝肾发育,虽能提升盲肠长度指数和肌肉保水性,但产肉量下降。
This study aimed to investigate the optimal inclusion level of timothy grass (Phleum pratense) in pelleted feed for Ira meat rabbits and evaluate its effects on growth performance, slaughter characteristics, organ indices, gastrointestinal tract development, and meat quality. The trial was a one-way design, 180 thirty-five-day-old rabbits were allocated to a control group and five experimental groups (I-V), receiving pelleted diets containing 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% timothy grass, respectively. The trial comprised a 6-day adaptation period followed by a 54-day formal trial period. Results indicated that rabbits fed the 10% timothy grass diet exhibited superior performance: final body weight (2.86 kg) and average daily gain (20.99 g·d-1) were significantly higher compared to other groups except the control group (P<0.05). Hepatic development was significantly enhanced in this group, with liver weight reaching 112.69 g and hepatic index 3.55% (P<0.05). Regarding meat quality parameters, the 10% inclusion group demonstrated significantly elevated redness-greenness coordinate (a* value, 22.33) and yellow-blue coordinate (b* value, 15.95) values at 45 minutes postmortem compared to other test groups except for the 20% addition amount (P<0.05). Linear increases were observed in jejunal index (1.49%-1.78%), colonic index (0.75%-0.84%), cecal length index (7.94%-8.56%), colonic length index (7.95%-8.58%), and vermiform appendix length index (2.86%-3.26%) with progressive timothy grass supplementation (P<0.05). The findings demonstrate that 10% timothy grass inclusion is optimal to enhance growth rate; and promotes hepatic development and improves meat color attributes (redness and yellowness). However, timothy grass inclusion beyond 20% adversely affected growth parameters, suppressed hepatorenal development, and reduced meat yield, despite improving cecal length index and water-holding capacity.
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肉兔不同生长阶段下的全价猫尾草饲料开发项目(GSAU-JSFW-2023-202)
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