土壤碳饱和度对黄土高原温性草原凋落物分解及土壤碳固存的影响
蒋玉奇 , 郭鑫 , 姜佳昌 , 刘兴明 , 梁春燕 , 文海燕 , 牛得草 , 李旭东
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (03) : 43 -51.
土壤碳饱和度对黄土高原温性草原凋落物分解及土壤碳固存的影响
Impact of grassland soil carbon saturation on litter decomposition and soil carbon sequestration
植物凋落物是土壤有机碳(SOC)的重要来源,SOC的形成及其稳定性不仅与植物碳输入直接相关,同时也受到土壤碳饱和度的影响。本研究选取黄土高原温性草原优势物种长芒草的叶片和根系为凋落物材料,将其与不同碳饱和度的土壤(SOC含量分别为9.02,5.28和2.64 g·kg-1)在室内共同培养3年,通过分析不同碳饱和度条件下凋落物的分解速率以及全土和各粒径土壤团聚体中SOC的变化,以明确土壤碳饱和度对凋落物分解以及SOC固存的影响。结果表明:随着土壤碳饱和度的降低,土壤微生物量碳逐渐增加,凋落物分解速率显著升高,全土及各粒径团聚体中的新碳形成效率也逐渐升高,SOC含量显著增加。说明碳饱和度较低的土壤对外源有机碳具有更高的固存效率。在0.25~2.00 mm、0.053~0.250 mm和<0.053 mm这3个粒径土壤团聚体组分中,随着土壤碳饱和度的降低,凋落物碳分解后更多地向<0.053 mm的团聚体分配,进而有利于生成稳定性高的矿物结合态SOC。
Plant litter is an important source of soil organic carbon (SOC). The formation and stability of SOC are not only directly related to plant carbon input but also affected by soil carbon saturation. In this study, leaves and roots of Stipa bungeana, a dominant species in the temperate grassland of the Loess Plateau, were selected as litter materials. They were co-cultured in the laboratory for 3 years with soils of different carbon saturation levels (with SOC contents of 9.02, 5.28, and 2.64 g·kg-1, respectively). The aim was to clarify the impact of soil carbon saturation on litter decomposition and SOC sequestration by analyzing the decomposition rate of litter and the changes in SOC in bulk soil and soil aggregates of various particle sizes under different carbon saturation conditions. The results showed that with decrease in soil carbon saturation, soil microbial biomass carbon gradually increased, while the litter decomposition rate significantly increased, the new carbon formation efficiency (NCE) in the bulk soil and the proportions of aggregates of all particle sizes also gradually increased, and the SOC content significantly increased. This indicates that soils with lower carbon saturation have a higher sequestration efficiency for exogenous organic carbon. Among the three soil aggregate fractions of decreasing size, 0.25-2.00 mm, 0.053-0.25 mm, and <0.053 mm, as soil carbon saturation decreased, more decomposed litter carbon was allocated to the <0.053 mm aggregates, which is conducive to the formation of mineral-associated organic carbon with high stability.
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甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(22JR5RA400)
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