紫花苜蓿/无芒雀麦间作对草地生产性能和土壤理化特性的影响
李小聪 , 闫聚辉 , 王星 , 胡鹏飞 , 叶雨浓 , 伏兵哲
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (05) : 113 -125.
紫花苜蓿/无芒雀麦间作对草地生产性能和土壤理化特性的影响
Effects of different inter-row planting ratios of alfalfa and smooth brome on grass production performance and soil physicochemical properties
为探究宁夏半干旱区紫花苜蓿与无芒雀麦间行种植的适宜比例,以单播紫花苜蓿(CKM)和无芒雀麦(CKB)为对照,设置紫花苜蓿(M)和无芒雀麦(B)5种种植比例(3∶1、2∶1、1∶1、1∶2、1∶3,分别为M3B1、M2B1、M1B1、M1B2、M1B3),测定与分析不同种植模式下紫花苜蓿与无芒雀麦的农艺性状、营养品质、土壤养分等指标。结果表明,间行种植比例(M2B1)在产量、品质和土壤养分积累方面表现最优。M2B1处理使紫花苜蓿分枝数较CKM提高18.36%,无芒雀麦株高和叶面积较CKB分别提高22.40%和37.03%,混合干草产量达17.70 t·hm-²,与CKM相当。M2B1处理下的粗蛋白含量较CKB提高33.83%,中性洗涤纤维降低5.12%。土壤养分积累方面,M2B1处理的有机质含量较CKM和CKB分别提高2.13%和3.90%,碱解氮含量分别提高16.53%和37.33%。冗余分析(RDA)结果表明,混合产量与土壤速效钾、碱解氮含量呈正相关关系。综合评价显示,紫花苜蓿与无芒雀麦按2∶1间行种植时,土地资源利用效率、生产力提升和土壤养分积累效果最优。
To determine the optimal inter-row planting ratio of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and smooth brome (Bromus inermis) for cultivation in the semi-arid region of Ningxia, a field study was conducted with single-crop alfalfa (CKM) and smooth brome (CKB) as controls. The treatments consisted of five different inter-row planting ratios of M. sativa (M) and B. inermis (B): 3∶1 (M3B1), 2∶1 (M2B1), 1∶1 (M1B1), 1∶2 (M1B2), and 1∶3 (M1B3). The agronomic traits and nutritional quality of both species and soil nutrient contents were measured and analyzed under these different planting patterns. It was found that the 2∶1 inter-row planting ratio (M2B1) achieved the best performance in terms of yield, quality, and soil nutrient accumulation. Compared with CKM, the M2B1 treatment increased the number of alfalfa branches by 18.36%. Compared with CKB, the M2B1 treatment enhanced smooth brome plant height and leaf area by 22.40% and 37.03%, respectively. The mixed hay yield under M2B1 reached 17.70 t·ha-1, comparable to that of CKM. In terms of nutritional quality, the M2B1 treatment increased the crude protein content by 33.83% and decreased the neutral detergent fiber content by 5.12%, compared with CKB. Soil analysis revealed that the M2B1 treatment increased the soil organic matter content by 2.13% and 3.90% compared with that in CKM and CKB, respectively, and the alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen content by 16.53% and 37.33%, respectively. The results of a redundancy analysis indicated that mixed yield was positively correlated with soil available potassium and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen contents. In conclusion, the 2∶1 inter-row planting ratio of alfalfa and smooth brome in Ningxia optimized land resource utilization efficiency, productivity, and soil nutrient accumulation.
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国家自然科学基金项目(32260349)
宁夏回族自治区2021年青年拔尖人才培养项目资助
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