坪用驱鸟型醉马草种质资源评价与筛选
Evaluation and screening of Achnatherum inebrians germplasm lines for use as bird-repellent turfgrass
为获得适宜机场草坪建植和驱鸟潜力的醉马草优良种质,本研究选取从内蒙古、青海、新疆和甘肃不同地点同一生长季收集的22份种质资源,在榆中试验站进行栽培驯化及形态指标观测和生物碱含量检测。结果表明:不同醉马草种质资源在株高、分蘖数、有效分蘖数、冠幅以及麦角新碱含量方面均表现出显著差异,其中,株高低于80 cm的种质有ZMC9、ZMC10、ZMC12和ZMC16;单株分蘖数大于130个的种质有ZMC1、ZMC17、ZMC18和ZMC19;单株有效分蘖数大于35个的种质有ZMC5、ZMC14、ZMC15、ZMC17和ZMC18;冠幅大于85 cm的种质有ZMC13、ZMC14和ZMC15;分蘖期生物碱含量超过240 mg·kg-1的种质有ZMC4、ZMC16、ZMC17和ZMC20;成熟期仍维持在130 mg·kg-1以上的种质有ZMC4、ZMC9和ZMC20。进一步通过灰色关联度和加权关联度排序分析,初步筛选出植株低矮、分蘖多、冠幅大且麦角新碱含量高,适宜机场草坪建植和具有驱鸟潜力的ZMC4、ZMC9、ZMC17和ZMC20这4份种质资源。为机场坪用驱鸟型醉马草新品种的选育奠定物质基础。
The aim of this study was to identify Achnatherum inebrians germplasm with bird-repellent potential for airport turf establishment. To this end, 22 accessions collected from Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, and Gansu during a single growing season were cultivated and acclimatized at the Yuzhong Experimental Station, and their morphological traits and ergonovine content were determined. There were significant differences in plant height, tiller number, effective tiller number, canopy width, and ergonovine content among different A. inebrians germplasm lines. Specifically, the germplasm lines ZMC9, ZMC10, ZMC12, and ZMC16 had plant heights below 80 cm; ZMC1, ZMC17, ZMC18, and ZMC19 had more than 130 tillers per plant; ZMC5, ZMC14, ZMC15, ZMC17, and ZMC18 produced more than 35 effective tillers per plant; ZMC13, ZMC14, and ZMC15 had canopy widths exceeding 85 cm; ZMC4, ZMC16, ZMC17, and ZMC20 had alkaloid levels exceeding 240 mg·kg-1 during the tillering stage; and ZMC4, ZMC9, and ZMC20 had alkaloid contents exceeding 130 mg·kg-1 at maturity. Grey relational analysis and weighted relational analysis ranking preliminarily screened out four germplasm lines, namely ZMC4, ZMC9, ZMC17, and ZMC20, as being suitable for airport turfgrass establishment. These four germplasm lines had low plant height, high tillering capacity, large crown width, and a high ergonovine content, indicative of good bird-repellent potential. These findings provide a foundation for breeding avian-deterrent A. inebrians cultivars that are particularly suitable for cultivation in airport environments.
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中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2024M761243)
甘肃省优秀博士研究生项目(22JR5RA434)
甘肃省市场监督管理局知识产权计划(定向组织)项目(22ZSCQD01)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2022-kb02)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2023-49)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2025-jdzx09)
甘肃省林业和草原局草原监测评价技术支撑项目([2021]794号)
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