茶园间作杂草野艾蒿对茶园土壤微生物结构及多样性的影响
张辉 , 李慧玲 , 王庆森 , 刘丰静 , 李金玉 , 李良德 , 钟秋生 , 王定锋
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (06) : 166 -180.
茶园间作杂草野艾蒿对茶园土壤微生物结构及多样性的影响
Effects of intercropping the weed Artemisia lavandulaefolia on soil microbial structure and diversity in tea gardens
茶园杂草管理是影响茶叶产量与品质的关键问题,长期使用化学除草剂已导致土壤生态系统恶化。本研究以茶园优势杂草野艾蒿为对象,通过Illumina Miseq高通量测序分析土壤细菌(16S rDNA)和真菌(ITS)群落结构,结合土壤理化性质测定,探究其与茶树间作对土壤微生物群落及肥力的影响,为野艾蒿的茶园利用提供理论依据。结果表明:间作野艾蒿显著提高茶树根际土壤有机质(18.66%)、全氮(23.08%)和速效钾(30.63%)含量。间作未显著改变细菌和真菌的α多样性(Shannon和Chao 1指数),但显著改变了群落组成。真菌优势属中,绿僵菌属在根际土壤的相对丰度增加8.22倍,间作茶行土壤增加93.92%;细菌中芽单胞菌属、纤维堆囊菌属和玫瑰弯菌属相对丰度在间作区显著增加,同时野艾蒿间作更易影响土壤中相对丰度较低的真菌和细菌类群。总之,茶树野艾蒿间作模式可提高茶树根际土壤有机质、全氮和速效钾含量,改变土壤微生物群落结构,增加有益菌绿僵菌属、芽单胞菌属、纤维堆囊菌属和玫瑰弯菌属的丰度。该研究结果为茶园生态控草和可持续管理提供了理论依据。
Weed management in tea (Camellia sinensis) plantations is a critical issue affecting tea yield and quality, with long-term chemical weed control leading to soil ecological degradation. In this study, we determined how intercropping with Artemisia lavandulaefolia, a dominant weed in tea plantations, affects soil physicochemical properties, soil microbial communities, and soil fertility in tea gardens. We used Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing to analyze the bacterial (16S rDNA) and fungal (ITS) community structures in soils of tea gardens with and without A. lavandulaefolia intercropping. It was found that intercropping with A. lavandulaefolia significantly increased the contents of organic matter (18.66%), total nitrogen (23.08%), and available potassium (30.63%) in the rhizosphere soil of tea plants. Intercropping with A. lavandulaefolia did not significantly alter the α-diversity (Shannon and Chao 1 indices) of bacterial and fungal communities, but it significantly affected their composition. Among the dominant fungal genera, the relative abundance of Metarhizium was increased by 8.22-fold in the rhizosphere soil and by 93.92% in the inter-row soil of tea plants intercropped with A. lavandulaefolia. Among the soil bacteria, Gemmatimonas, Sorangium, and Roseiarcus were significantly enriched in the soil of tea plants intercropped with A. lavandulaefolia. Additionally, intercropping with A. lavanduleafolia had a more pronounced impact on rare fungal and bacterial taxa with low relative abundances. In conclusion, the presence of the weed A. lavandulaefolia increased the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, and available potassium in the rhizosphere soil of tea plants, changed the structure of the soil microbial community, and increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, specifically Metarhizium, Gemmatimonas, Sorangium, and Roseiarcus. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for ecological grass control and sustainable management of tea gardens.
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福建省科技重大专项(2024NZ029030)
福建省农业科学院青年英才项目(YC2021008)
福建省公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2023R1088)
国家现代农业(茶叶)产业技术体系(CARS-19)
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