新疆喀什盐碱地田菁根瘤中菌株分离及其促生效应
Isolation and growth-promoting effects of rhizobia from the Sesbania cannabina seed trial area in saline-alkali land in Kashi, Xinjiang
为丰富微生物肥料菌种资源,研制适合于盐碱地田菁种植的根瘤菌剂,从新疆喀什盐碱地田菁试种区根瘤中分离菌株,基于16S rRNA基因扩增与系统发育分析对其进行鉴定,并通过单菌及多菌混合接种验证其对盐碱土中田菁生长的影响。结果共分离到17株菌,分属于剑菌属、肠杆菌属和布鲁氏菌属,以剑菌属占优势。剑菌B-3-1、剑菌C-3-2、肠杆菌A-5-1和布鲁氏菌C-4-1兼具解有机磷和无机磷能力,以此4株菌进行剑菌属单种及与其他菌株混合接种,对田菁生长有积极作用,株高、茎粗、地上干重、叶绿素含量和根干重分别提高了21.2%~56.2%、22.3%~67.8%、4.5%~43.5%、26.8%~149.5%和18.2%~100.0%,同时根系结瘤数量显著增加(P<0.05)。接种处理后的盐碱土壤特性也得到改善,pH、全盐、全磷和全钾含量分别降低了2.4%~4.1%、23.6%~39.1%、23.3%~69.4%和2.2%~21.2%,速效氮和速效磷含量增幅为63.5%~98.4%和0.1%~9.0%。除接种剑菌B-3-1后速效钾含量低于对照,其余处理提高了8.4%~99.7%,尤以混合菌系E(剑菌C-3-2、剑菌B-3-1和布鲁氏菌C-4-1)效果最佳。回接后分离的田菁根瘤菌株与初始接种菌株B-3-1和C-3-2高度同源,证明接种菌株在宿主根际成功定殖。所得根瘤菌株对开发适用于盐碱地复垦和生态修复的微生物肥料有一定应用潜力。
The aim of this work was to expand microbial fertilizer strain resources and develop rhizobial agents suitable for Sesbania cannabina cultivation in saline-alkali soils. To this end, Rhizobium strains were isolated from the root nodules of S. cannabina growing in a trial planting area in saline-alkali land in Kashi, Xinjiang. The isolates were identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequences amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and by phylogenetic analyses. The effects of the isolated strains, alone or in mixed combinations, on the growth of S. cannabina and the properties of salt-alkali soil were determined. A total of 17 strains were isolated, belonging to the genera Ensifer, Enterobacter, and Brucella, with Ensifer being the dominant genus. The strains Ensifer sp. B-3-1, Ensifer sp. C-3-2, Enterobacter sp. A-5-1, and Brucella sp. C-4-1 exhibited the ability to solubilize both organic and inorganic phosphorus. Inoculation of Ensifer as single strains or mixed with other strains positively affected the growth of S. cannabina; the plant height, stem diameter, aboveground dry weight, chlorophyll content, and root dry weight were increased by 21.2%-56.2%, 22.3%-67.8%, 4.5%-43.5%, 26.8%-149.5%, and 18.2%-100.0%, respectively, and the number of root nodules was also significantly increased (P<0.05). The properties of salt-alkali soil were also improved by Ensifer strains, alone or in combinations; the pH value and total salt, total phosphorus, and total potassium contents were decreased by 2.4%-4.1%, 23.6%-39.1%, 23.3%-69.4% and 2.2%-21.2%, respectively, and the available nitrogen and available phosphorus contents were increased by 63.5%-98.4% and 0.1%-9.0%, respectively. After inoculation with Ensifer sp. B-3-1, the available potassium content in soil was lower than that of the control group, but inoculation with other Ensifer strains increased the available potassium content in soil by 8.4%-99.7%. Among the various tested combinations, the combination E (Ensifer sp. C-3-2, Ensifer sp. B-3-1, and Brucella sp. C-4-1) had the best effect. The strains re-isolated after inoculation were highly homologous to the inoculated strains B-3-1 and C-3-2, demonstrating their successful colonization of the host. The Rhizobium strains obtained in this study have potential applications in developing microbial fertilizers suitable for reclamation and ecological restoration of saline-alkali land.
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喀什地区科技计划项目(KS2024001)
国家自然科学基金(32160408)
喀什大学高层次人才科研启动经费项目(GCC2023ZK-001)
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