紫花苜蓿BBR-BPC全基因组鉴定及响应种子老化的表达模式分析
刘昊臻 , 晁嘉潞 , 赵士钦 , 王成 , 张景鈜 , 孙守江
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (07) : 135 -150.
紫花苜蓿BBR-BPC全基因组鉴定及响应种子老化的表达模式分析
Genome-wide identification of BBR-BPC genes in Medicago sativa and their transcript profiles in response to seed aging
种子生产是支撑农业产业发展的核心环节,优质种子是培育高产、高抗逆性作物的基础。即使在最佳储存条件下,种子老化仍不可避免。活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)造成的氧化应激被认为是导致种子活力下降的关键因素,种子活力取决于ROS产生和抗氧化能力之间的平衡。为了保持种子最佳活力,ROS水平的调节至关重要。Barley B Recombinant-Basic Pentacysteine (BBR净产出能量BPC,BBR-BPC)转录因子家族是一组相对保守的转录因子,在植物形态发生、器官发育和对非生物胁迫的反应中起关键作用。研究发现,BBR-BPC家族成员参与植物中活性氧平衡的调节,推测其可能参与种子活力的调控。然而,目前对该基因家族中哪些成员参与紫花苜蓿种子活力的调控尚不明确。基于此,本研究从‘新疆大叶’紫花苜蓿(Xinjiang Daye)全基因组水平鉴定BBR-BPC家族成员,利用转录组和RT-qPCR分析其在不同活力种子吸胀萌发过程中的表达模式,挖掘潜在参与种子老化调控的BBR-BPC家族成员,并预测与该成员潜在互作的相关蛋白。在紫花苜蓿中共鉴定到16个MsBBR-BPC基因家族成员;系统发育分析表明,MsBBR-BPC基因家族共分为8个基因亚族,不均匀地定位在13条染色体上;共线性分析表明,片段重复是该基因家族在进化过程中扩张的关键驱动力。基因表达模式分析发现,MsBBR-BPC10、MsBBR-BPC13和MsBBR-BPC16基因在种子老化24 d后显示高表达水平,在老化8 d,吸胀至12和24 h时也显示出高表达水平,推测其可能参与种子活力的调控。STRING数据库蛋白预测网络分析表明,MsBBR-BPC16与MsBBR-BPC11存在较强的互作关系。此外,MsBBR-BPC16与AGL11、PAT21、ZHD3和GPL3蛋白也存在一定的潜在互作关系。本研究挖掘到3个(MsBBR-BPC10、MsBBR-BPC13和MsBBR-BPC16)响应种子老化胁迫、潜在参与种子活力调控的MsBBR-BPC基因,还需进一步的研究来阐明其调控种子活力的确切途径,蛋白之间的互作关系也同样需要进一步验证。本研究为BBR-BPC基因调控紫花苜蓿种子老化、揭示ROS平衡与种子活力维持的分子调控系统提供了参考,也为后续蛋白功能验证提供了研究基础,并可用于紫花苜蓿种子活力的遗传改良。
The production of seeds is a vital part of agricultural development. High-quality seeds are the key to growing crops that are both high yielding and able to tolerate stress. Even under optimal storage conditions, the process of seed aging remains an unavoidable occurrence. Seed viability is affected by the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant capacity, and this balance is affected by oxidative stress. It is therefore crucial to regulate ROS levels if optimal seed vigor is to be maintained. The Barley B Recombinant-Basic Pentacysteine (BBR-BPC) transcription factor family is a conserved group of transcription factors playing crucial roles in plant morphogenesis, organ development, and responses to abiotic stresses. Members of the BBR-BPC family are known to be involved in regulating the ROS balance in plants, suggesting that they may play a role in controlling seed viability. Nevertheless, it is uncertain which genes in this family are responsible for controlling the vitality of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seeds. In this study, we focused on the BBR-BPC gene family in the alfalfa cultivar ‘Xinjiang Daye’. Their transcript profiles during the processes of swelling and germination of seeds with varying viability were determined by transcriptome and RT-qPCR analyses. These analyses highlighted the BBR-BPC family members potentially involved in the regulation of seed aging. In addition, proteins that potentially interact with members of the BBR-BPC family were predicted. Sixteen MsBBR-BPC genes were identified in the alfalfa genome and a phylogenetic analysis grouped them into eight subfamilies. The 16 MsBBR-BPC genes were distributed unevenly across 13 chromosomes. A collinearity analysis indicated that expansion within this gene family during evolution has been driven by segmental duplication. Analyses of gene transcript profiles revealed high transcript levels of MsBBR-BPC10, MsBBR-BPC13, and MsBBR-BPC16 at 24 days of seed aging, 8 days of seed aging, and 12-24 hours after imbibition, suggesting that these family members participate in the control of seed viability. A protein-protein interaction network analysis via the STRING database revealed a strong interaction between MsBBR-BPC16 and MsBBR-BPC11. In addition, MsBBR-BPC16 was predicted to interact with AGL11, PAT21, ZHD3, and GPL3 proteins. This study pinpointed three MsBBR-BPCs (MsBBR-BPC10, MsBBR-BPC13, and MsBBR-BPC16) that are involved in seed aging stress and may play a role in controlling seed viability. More research is required to clarify their roles in the control of seed viability, and to verify the protein interactions predicted here. The results of this research provide new insights into the molecular regulatory system governing alfalfa seed aging via BBR-BPC transcription factors, and provide further evidence that the ROS balance plays a role in maintaining seed viability. These findings have established a research foundation for the functional validation of candidate proteins, and for the use of their encoding genes in the genetic improvement of alfalfa seed viability.
| [1] |
Ge R, Luo Y J, Li Q, et al. Identification of key modules and candidate genes for seed aging resistance of Oryza sativa subsp.indica Kato. Seed, 2024, 43(10): 1-12. |
| [2] |
葛蓉, 罗永坚, 李清, 籼稻种子抗老化关键模块及候选基因的鉴定. 种子, 2024, 43(10): 1-12. |
| [3] |
McDonald M B. Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assessment. Seed Science and Technology, 1999, 27(1): 177-237. |
| [4] |
Ebone L A N, Caverzan A, Chavarria G. Physiologic alterations in orthodox seeds due to deterioration processes. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2019, 145: 34-42. |
| [5] |
Zhang K L, Zhang Y, Sun J, et al. Deterioration of orthodox seeds during ageing: influencing factors, physiological alterations and the role of reactive oxygen species. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2021, 158: 475-485. |
| [6] |
Tan S Y, Cao J, Li S C, et al. Unraveling the mechanistic basis for control of seed longevity. Plants, 2025, 14(5): 805. |
| [7] |
Sun S J, Ma W, Jia Z C, et al. Genomic identification and expression profiling of lesion simulating disease genes in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) elucidate their responsiveness to seed vigor. Antioxidants, 2023, 12(9): 1768. |
| [8] |
Sangwan I, O'Brian M R. Identification of a soybean protein that interacts with GAGA element dinucleotide repeat DNA. Plant Physiology, 2002, 129(4): 1788-1794. |
| [9] |
Santi L, Wang Y M, Stile M R, et al. The GA octodinucleotide repeat binding factor BBR participates in the transcriptional regulation of the homeobox gene Bkn3. The Plant Journal, 2003, 34(6): 813-826. |
| [10] |
Meister R J, Williams L A, Monfared M M, et al. Definition and interactions of a positive regulatory element of the Arabidopsis INNER NOOUTER promoter. The Plant Journal, 2004, 37(3): 426-438. |
| [11] |
Lee Y, Tsai P, Huang X, et al. Family members additively repress the ectopic expression of BASIC PENTACYSTEINE3 to prevent disorders in Arabidopsis circadian vegetative development. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022, 13: DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.919946. |
| [12] |
Sun H, Pang B, Yan J, et al. Comprehensive analysis of cucumber gibberellin oxidase family genes and functional characterization of CsGA20ox1 in root development in Arabidopsis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018, 19(10): 3135. |
| [13] |
Monfared M M, Simon M K, Meister R J, et al. Overlapping and antagonistic activities of BASIC PENTACYSTEINE genes affect a range of developmental processes in Arabidopsis. The Plant Journal, 2011, 66(6): 1020-1031. |
| [14] |
Gong R, Cao H, Zhang J, et al. Divergent functions of the GAGA-binding transcription factor family in rice. The Plant Journal, 2018, 94(1): 32-47. |
| [15] |
Li S, Miao L, Huang B, et al. Genome-wide identification and characterization of cucumber BPC transcription factors and their responses to abiotic stresses and exogenous phytohormones. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2019, 20(20): 5048. |
| [16] |
Ma X, Yu Y, Hu Z, et al. Characterizations of a class-i BASIC PENTACYSTEINE gene reveal conserved roles in the transcriptional repression of genes involved in seed development. Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 2022, 44(9): 4059-4069. |
| [17] |
Simonini S, Kater M M. Class Ⅰ BASIC PENTACYSTEINE factors regulate HOMEOBOX genes involved in meristem size maintenance. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2014, 65(6): 1455-1465. |
| [18] |
Petrella R, Caselli F, Villanova I R, et al. BPC transcription factors and a polycomb group protein confine the expression of the ovule identity gene SEEDSTICK in Arabidopsis. The Plant Journal, 2020, 102(3): 582-599. |
| [19] |
Yan J, Liu Y, Yang L, et al. Cell wall β-1,4-galactan regulated by the BPC1/BPC2-GALS1 module aggravates salt sensitivity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Molecular Plant, 2021, 14(3): 411-425. |
| [20] |
Zhou X Y, Jiang Q X, Jia H L, et al. Cloning and salt-tolerance functional analysis of alfalfa MsBBX20 gene. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(10): 55-73. |
| [21] |
周昕越, 蒋庆雪, 贾会丽, 紫花苜蓿MsBBX20基因克隆及耐盐功能分析. 草业学报, 2024, 33(10): 55-73. |
| [22] |
Chen C, Wu Y, Li J, et al. TBtools-Ⅱ: a “one for all, all for one” bioinformatics platform for biological big-data mining. Molecular Plant, 2023, 16(11): 1733-1742. |
| [23] |
Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, et al. MEGA x: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2018, 35(6): 1547-1549. |
| [24] |
Zhang Y, Liu H, Ma X, et al. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the class Ⅲ peroxidase gene (PRXIII) family in Medicago sativa L. and its function in the abiotic stress response. BMC Plant Biology, 2025, 25(1): 1-15. |
| [25] |
Kumar S P J, Prasad S R, Banerjee R, et al. Seed birth to death: dual functions of reactive oxygen species in seed physiology. Annals of Botany, 2015, 116(4): 663-668. |
| [26] |
Rajjou L C, Lovigny Y, Groot S P C, et al. Proteome-wide characterization of seed aging in Arabidopsis: a comparison between artificial and natural aging protocols? Plant Physiology, 2008, 148(1): 620-641. |
| [27] |
Groot S P C, Surki A A, de Vos R C H, et al. Seed storage at elevated partial pressure of oxygen, a fast method for analysing seed ageing under dry conditions. Annals of Botany, 2012, 110(6): 1149-1159. |
| [28] |
Strader L, Weijers D, Wagner D. Plant transcription factors-being in the right place with the right company. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2022, 65: 102136. |
| [29] |
Zhao D B, Guan P Y, Guo Z H, et al. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of maize BBR-BPC gene family. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2023, 31(3): 58-66. |
| [30] |
赵东波, 管培燕, 郭智慧, 玉米BBR-BPC基因家族全基因组鉴定及表达分析. 玉米科学, 2023, 31(3): 58-66. |
| [31] |
Zhao H Y. Molecular mechanism of apple BBR/BPC transcription tactor MdBPC2 on regulating plant growth. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2023. |
| [32] |
赵海艳. 苹果BBR/BPC转录因子MdBPC2在调控植株生长中的功能研究. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2023. |
| [33] |
Lespinet O, Wolf Y I, Koonin E V, et al. The role of lineage-specific gene family expansion in the evolution of Eukaryotes. Genome Research, 2002, 12(7): 1048-1059. |
| [34] |
Panchy N, Lehti-Shiu M, Shiu S. Evolution of gene duplication in plants. Plant Physiology, 2016, 171(4): 2294-2316. |
| [35] |
Birchler J A, Yang H. The multiple fates of gene duplications: deletion, hypofunctionalization, subfunctionalization, neofunctionalization, dosage balance constraints, and neutral variation. The Plant Cell, 2022, 34(7): 2466-2474. |
| [36] |
Wang Z Y, Zhao S, Liu J F, et al. Genome-wide identification of tomato golden 2-like transcription factors and abiotic stress related members screening. BMC Plant Biology, 2022, 22(1): 82. |
| [37] |
Wang L, Chen W, Zhao Z, et al. Genome-wide identification, conservation, and expression pattern analyses of the BBR-BPC gene family under abiotic stress in Brassica napus L. Genes, 2024, 16(1): 36. |
| [38] |
Rogozin I B, Carmel L, Csuros M, et al. Origin and evolution of spliceosomal introns. Biology Direct, 2012, 7(1): 36. |
| [39] |
Wen X Y, Zhao Y, Wang B Q, et al. Expression analysis of AP2/ERFs genes in alfalfa regulated by exogenous NO under drought stress. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(6): 154-167. |
| [40] |
温小月, 赵颖, 王宝强, 外源NO调控干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿AP2/ERFs基因的表达分析. 草业学报, 2025, 34(6): 154-167. |
| [41] |
Cantalapiedra C P, Hernández-Plaza A, Letunic I, et al. EggNOG-mapper v2: functional annotation, orthology assignments, and domain prediction at the metagenomic scale. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2021, 38(12): 5825-5829. |
| [42] |
Zhang X Y, Zhao L J, Li Y J, et al. Expression of AtPUB18 after salt stress treatment and analysis of its promoter from Arabidopsis thaliana. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2014, 34(1): 54-59. |
| [43] |
张新宇, 赵兰杰, 李艳军, 盐胁迫对拟南芥AtPUB18基因的诱导表达及其启动子分析. 西北植物学报, 2014, 34(1): 54-59. |
| [44] |
Lee S, Kim S, Kim S. Drought inducible OsDhn1 promoter is activated by OsDREB1a and OsDREB1d. Journal of Plant Biology, 2013, 56(2): 115-121. |
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(C类)(32503269)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |