施氮和刈割对辽西北退化草地3种优势植物生态化学计量变化的影响
王佳铭 , 吴飞 , 杨沂杰 , 吕林有 , 乌云娜 , 宋彦涛
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (07) : 46 -57.
施氮和刈割对辽西北退化草地3种优势植物生态化学计量变化的影响
Effects of nitrogen addition and mowing on ecological stoichiometry of three dominant plant species in northwestern Liaoning Province
为探究施氮与刈割对辽西北退化草地植物生态化学计量特征变化的影响,本研究以羊草、寸草苔和糙隐子草为对象,通过施氮和刈割留茬高度双因子试验,并采用三因素与双因素方差分析、冗余分析及相关性矩阵分析了不同处理下3种植物碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量及碳氮比(C∶N)、氮磷比(N∶P)的响应特征。结果表明:1)施氮显著提高糙隐子草与寸草苔的氮含量,糙隐子草的碳含量显著下降,碳氮比显著降低,对羊草无显著影响;2)刈割留茬6 cm显著提高糙隐子草碳含量,留茬12 cm显著降低寸草苔磷含量,对羊草无显著影响;3)刈割留茬6 cm与施氮交互处理3种物种氮磷比均大于16,表明3种物种均受到磷限制;4)在短期围封下留茬6 cm与施氮协同显著提升植物氮含量、降低碳氮比,并诱导养分限制从氮转向磷,从而优化了植物养分循环,但长期效应仍需进一步验证,刈割留茬3或12 cm会加剧寸草苔磷养分限制;5)在刈割留茬6 cm与施氮协同处理下,氮磷含量的异步变化表明氮和磷在不同植物中发生解耦。研究结果为退化草地恢复中氮肥施用与刈割管理的权衡提供了科学依据。
To investigate the effects of nitrogen addition and mowing on the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of plants in degraded grasslands of northwest Liaoning, this study examined Leymus chinensis,Carex duriuscula, and Cleistogenes squarrosa through a two-factor experiment involving nitrogen application and stubble mowing height. The responses of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) contents, as well as the C∶N and N∶P in the three plant species under different treatments were analyzed using three-way and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), redundancy analysis (RDA), and correlation matrices. The results showed that: 1) N addition significantly increased the nitrogen concentration in C. squarrosa and C. duriuscula, while it significantly decreased the carbon concentration and the C∶N in C. squarrosa. No significant effect was observed on L. chinensis. 2) Mowing at a 6 cm stubble height significantly increased the carbon concentration in C. squarrosa, whereas mowing at a 12 cm stubble height significantly reduced the phosphorus concentration in C. duriuscula. Mowing had no significant effect on L. chinensis. 3) Under the combined treatment of mowing at 6 cm stubble height with N addition, the N∶P of all three species exceeded 16, indicating the emergence of an interaction involving phosphorus limitation. 4) Short-term fencing revealed that the synergy between mowing at 6 cm stubble height and N addition significantly enhanced plant nitrogen concentration, reduced the C∶N, and induced a shift in nutrient limitation from nitrogen to phosphorus, thereby optimizing plant nutrient cycling. However, the long-term effects require further validation. In contrast, mowing at 3 or 12 cm stubble height exacerbated phosphorus limitation in C. duriuscula. 5) The asynchronous changes in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations under the combined mowing (6 cm) and N addition treatment suggest a decoupling of nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics across the different plant species. These findings provide a scientific basis for balancing nitrogen fertilization and mowing management in the restoration of degraded grasslands.
| [1] |
Reeder J D, Schuman G E. Influence of livestock grazing on C sequestration in semi-arid mixed-grass and short-grass rangelands. Environmental Pollution, 2002, 116(3): 457-463. |
| [2] |
Bai Y F, Huang J H, Zheng S X, et al. Drivers and regulating mechanisms of grassland and desert ecosystem services. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(2): 93-102. |
| [3] |
白永飞, 黄建辉, 郑淑霞, 草地和荒漠生态系统服务功能的形成与调控机制. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(2): 93-102. |
| [4] |
Li B. The rangeland degradation in north China and its preventive strategy. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1997(6): 2-10. |
| [5] |
李博. 中国北方草地退化及其防治对策. 中国农业科学, 1997(6): 2-10. |
| [6] |
Ma M, Zhang S W, Wei B C. Temporal and spatial pattern of grassland degradation and its determinants for recent 30 years in Xilingol. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2017, 39(4): 86-93. |
| [7] |
马梅, 张圣微, 魏宝成. 锡林郭勒草原近30年草地退化的变化特征及其驱动因素分析. 中国草地学报, 2017, 39(4): 86-93. |
| [8] |
Gu C, Jia Z Q, Du B B, et al. Reviews and prospects of ecological restoration measures for degraded grasslands of China. Ecology and Environment Sciences, 2022, 31(7): 1465-1475. |
| [9] |
古琛, 贾志清, 杜波波, 中国退化草地生态修复措施综述与展望. 生态环境学报, 2022, 31(7): 1465-1475. |
| [10] |
Shi L, Jin M C, Shan X D, et al. Influences of different forms of nitrogen fertilizer on the decomposition and release of nutrients from corn straw residue. Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment, 2021, 38(2): 277-285. |
| [11] |
石琳, 金梦灿, 单旭东, 不同形态氮素对玉米秸秆腐解与养分释放的影响. 农业资源与环境学报, 2021, 38(2): 277-285. |
| [12] |
Li Z Y, Ma Y J, Fu X, et al. Effects of straw returning methods combined with nitrogen fertilizer on decomposition characteristics of maize straw and soil organic carbon. Soils and Fertilizers Sciences in China, 2024(10): 95-104. |
| [13] |
李泽毅, 马玉洁, 付鑫, 秸秆还田方式配施氮肥对玉米秸秆腐解特征及土壤有机碳的影响. 中国土壤与肥料, 2024(10): 95-104. |
| [14] |
Guan W T, Zheng Z R, Diao Z Y, et al. Stoichiometric characteristics and their storage of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the temperate meadow steppe under different disturbance. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(11): 2959-2966. |
| [15] |
关伟涛, 郑志荣, 刁兆岩, 不同干扰方式下温性草甸草原土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征及其储量研究. 草地学报, 2022, 30(11): 2959-2966. |
| [16] |
Yang H M, Wang D M. Advances in the study on ecological stoichiometry in grass-environment system and its response to environmental factors. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(2): 244-252. |
| [17] |
杨惠敏, 王冬梅. 草-环境系统植物碳氮磷生态化学计量学及其对环境因子的响应研究进展. 草业学报, 2011, 20(2): 244-252. |
| [18] |
Sterner R W, Elser J J. Ecological stoichiometry: The biology of elements from molecules to the biosphere. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2003. |
| [19] |
Zeng D H, Chen G S. Ecological stoichiometry: A science to explore the complexity of living systems. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2005, 29(6): 141-153. |
| [20] |
曾德慧, 陈广生. 生态化学计量学:复杂生命系统奥秘的探索. 植物生态学报, 2005, 29(6): 141-153. |
| [21] |
Wang M, Murphy M T, Moore T R. Nutrient resorption of two evergreen shrubs in response to long-term fertilization in a bog. Oecologia, 2014, 174(2): 365-377. |
| [22] |
Koerselman W, Meuleman A F M. The vegetation N∶P ratio: A new tool to detect the nature of nutrient limitation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 1996, 33(6): 1441-1450. |
| [23] |
Luo G W, Li L, Friman V P, et al. Organic amendments increase crop yields by improving microbe-mediated soil functioning of agroecosystems: A meta-analysis. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2018, 124: 105-115. |
| [24] |
Zhang X J, Yang G J, Ning Y, et al. Dominant species drove the balance between biodiversity and productivity in mown grasslands under nitrogen fertilization. Ecological Applications, 2025, 35(1): e70009. |
| [25] |
Lv L Y, Zhao Y, Chen X, et al. The effect of grazing exclusion on the recovery of underground propagule banks in degraded sandy grassland. Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2019(13): 93-96, 102, 179-180. |
| [26] |
吕林有, 赵艳, 陈曦, 围封对退化沙质草地地下繁殖体库恢复的影响. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2019(13): 93-96, 102, 179-180. |
| [27] |
Bai Y F, Wu J G, Clark C M, et al. Tradeoffs and thresholds in the effects of nitrogen addition on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: Evidence from Inner Mongolia grasslands. Global Change Biology, 2010, 16(1): 358-372. |
| [28] |
Bao S D. Analysis of soil and agricultural chemistry. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000: 268-272. |
| [29] |
鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000: 268-272. |
| [30] |
Zhang F Y, Quan Q, Ma F F, et al. Clipping increases ecosystem carbon sequestration and its sensitivity to precipitation change in an alpine meadow. Plant and Soil, 2021, 458: 165-174. |
| [31] |
Yang S Q, Bao Y J, Ye J Q, et al. Comparison of light response models and response characteristics of Leymus chinensis under nitrogen deposition and mowing conditions. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2023, 43(17): 7294-7306. |
| [32] |
杨斯琪, 鲍雅静, 叶佳琦, 氮沉降和刈割条件下羊草光响应模型比较及响应特性. 生态学报, 2023, 43(17): 7294-7306. |
| [33] |
Lu X, Mao Q, Gilliam F S, et al. Nitrogen deposition contributes to soil acidification in tropical ecosystems. Global Change Biology, 2014, 20(12): 3790-3801. |
| [34] |
Xu C B, Zhong Q L, Cheng D L, et al. Variation in relationships between SLA and leaf C,N,P stoichiometry in Machilus pauhoi among locations. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(19): 6507-6515. |
| [35] |
徐朝斌, 钟全林, 程栋梁, 基于地理种源的刨花楠苗木比叶面积与叶片化学计量学关系. 生态学报, 2015, 35(19): 6507-6515. |
| [36] |
Yang L D, Wang G X, Yang Y, et al. Responses of leaf functional traits and nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry in Abies fabiri seedlings in Gongga Mountain to simulated nitrogen deposition. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2012, 31(1): 44-50. |
| [37] |
羊留冬, 王根绪, 杨阳, 峨眉冷杉幼苗叶片功能特征及其N、P化学计量比对模拟大气氮沉降的响应. 生态学杂志, 2012, 31(1): 44-50. |
| [38] |
Yan Z B, Jin N Y, Han T S, et al. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of Arabidopsis thaliana. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013, 37(6): 551-557. |
| [39] |
严正兵, 金南瑛, 韩廷申, 氮磷施肥对拟南芥叶片碳氮磷化学计量特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(6): 551-557. |
| [40] |
Lv N, Gao J X, Li Z H, et al. Effects of fertilizer application during mid-growing season on vegetation community biomass and species diversity in meadow grasslands. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(2): 109-122. |
| [41] |
吕娜, 高吉喜, 李政海, 植物生长中期施肥对草甸草原群落特征与物种多样性的影响. 草业学报, 2025, 34(2): 109-122. |
| [42] |
Huang J Y, Yuan Z Y, Li L H. Changes in N, P and specific leaf area of green leaves of Leymus chinensis along nitrogen, phosphorus and water gradients. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(3): 442-448. |
| [43] |
黄菊莹, 袁志友, 李凌浩. 羊草绿叶氮、磷浓度和比叶面积沿氮、磷和水分梯度的变化. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(3): 442-448. |
| [44] |
Bobbink R, Hicks K, Galloway J, et al. Global assessment of nitrogen deposition effects on terrestrial plant diversity: A synthesis. Ecological Applications, 2010, 20(1): 30-59. |
| [45] |
Song Y T, Li Q, Wang P, et al. Response of Leymus chinensis functional traits and aboveground biomass to nitrogen addition in Songnen grassland in northeast China. Pratacultural Science, 2016, 33(7): 1383-1390. |
| [46] |
宋彦涛, 李强, 王平, 羊草功能性状和地上生物量对氮素添加的响应. 草业科学, 2016, 33(7): 1383-1390. |
| [47] |
Luo Y, Hui D F, Zhang D Q. Elevated CO2 stimulates net accumulations of carbon and nitrogen in land ecosystems: A meta-analysis. Ecology, 2006, 87(1): 53-63. |
| [48] |
Loladze I. Rising atmospheric CO2 and human nutrition: Toward globally imbalanced plant stoichiometry. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2002, 17(10): 457-461. |
| [49] |
Veen G F, De V S, Bakker E S, et al. Grazing-induced changes in plant-soil feedback alter plant biomass allocation. Oikos, 2014, 123(7): 800-806. |
| [50] |
Helsen K, Ceulemans T, Stevens C J, et al. Increasing soil nutrient loads of european semi-natural grasslands strongly alter plant functional diversity independently of species loss. Ecosystems, 2014, 17(1): 169-181. |
| [51] |
Cui Z, Liu Y, Huang Z, et al. Potential of artificial grasslands in crop rotation for improving farmland soil quality. Land Degradation & Development, 2019, 30(18): 2187-2196. |
| [52] |
Li G, Zhao X, Iqbal B, et al. The effect of soil microplastics on Oryza sativa L. root growth traits under alien plant invasion. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 2023, 11: 1172093. |
| [53] |
Hassan N, Abdullah I, Khan W, et al. Effect of grazing and mowing on soil physiochemical properties in a semi-arid grassland of northeast China. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2024, 33(2): 1725-1735. |
| [54] |
Bates T R, Lynch J P. Root hairs confer a competitive advantage under low phosphorus availability. Plant and Soil, 2001, 236(2): 243-250. |
| [55] |
Lambers H, Shane M W, Cramer M D, et al. Root structure and functioning for efficient acquisition of phosphorus: Matching morphological and physiological traits. Annals of Botany, 2006, 98(4): 693-713. |
| [56] |
Yang G, Liu N, Lu W, et al. The interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil phosphorus availability influences plant community productivity and ecosystem stability. Journal of Ecology, 2014, 102(4): 1072-1082. |
| [57] |
Wang D, Chi Z, Yue B, et al. Effects of mowing and nitrogen addition on the ecosystem C and N pools in a temperate steppe: A case study from northern China. Catena, 2020, 185: 104332. |
| [58] |
Yuan Z Y, Chen Y H. Decoupling of nitrogen and phosphorus in terrestrial plants associated with global changes. Nature Climate Change, 2015, 5(5): 465-469. |
| [59] |
Su Y, Ma X, Le J, et al. Decoupling of nitrogen and phosphorus in dominant grass species in response to long-term nitrogen addition in an alpine grassland in Central Asia. Plant Ecology, 2021, 222(2): 261-274. |
| [60] |
Lü X T, Reed S C, Yu Q, et al. Nutrient resorption helps drive intra-specific coupling of foliar nitrogen and phosphorus under nutrient-enriched conditions. Plant and Soil, 2016, 398(1): 111-120. |
| [61] |
Ågren G I, Wetterstedt J Å M, Billberger M F K. Nutrient limitation on terrestrial plant growth-modeling the interaction between nitrogen and phosphorus. New Phytologist, 2012, 194(4): 953-960. |
国家自然科学基金(32171556)
辽宁省科技计划联合计划应用基础研究项目(2023JH2/101700027)
中央高校基本科研业务费(2025)资助
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |