玉米浆与乳酸菌协同发酵对玉米秸秆营养成分、瘤胃发酵特性及体外降解率的影响
洪海洋 , 沙志行 , 姜明明 , 苏晓龙 , 任文义 , 孔伟豪 , 张力莉 , 徐晓锋 , 马玉林
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (06) : 181 -189.
玉米浆与乳酸菌协同发酵对玉米秸秆营养成分、瘤胃发酵特性及体外降解率的影响
Synergistic effects of added maize steep liquor and lactic acid bacteria during fermentation on the nutritional value, rumen fermentation characteristics, and in vitro degradability of maize stover
本试验旨在探究玉米浆与乳酸菌协同发酵对玉米秸秆营养成分、发酵品质、瘤胃发酵参数及体外降解率的影响。试验以玉米秸秆作为研究对象,设置对照组(CON,不做任何处理)、乳酸菌组(CL,添加乳酸菌1.0×1011 CFU·g-1)、玉米浆组(CC,添加5%玉米浆)和玉米浆与乳酸菌协同发酵组(CCL,添加5%玉米浆和乳酸菌),水分含量调整为65%,每组设立4个重复,厌氧发酵56 d后对其营养成分、体外瘤胃发酵特性、体外消化率进行分析。结果表明:1)各处理组粗蛋白含量显著高于CON组(P<0.001);各处理组乙酸含量显著高于CON组(P<0.001),CL和CCL组的pH显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。2)各处理组体外发酵产生的氨态氮浓度显著高于CON组(P<0.05),CCL组体外发酵产生的乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。3)各处理组的体外干物质降解率显著高于CON组(P<0.001),CC和CCL组的体外粗蛋白降解率显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。综上所述,玉米浆与乳酸菌协同发酵有助于提高玉米秸秆的营养价值,改善玉米秸秆的发酵品质,提高营养物质的降解率。
This experiment aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of added maize steep liquor and lactic acid bacteria during fermentation on the nutritional composition, rumen fermentation characteristics, and in vitro degradability of maize stover. Maize stover was prepared with four different pretreatments based on dry matter: no pretreatment for the control treatment (CON); 1.0×1011 CFU·g-1 lactic acid bacteria pretreatment for the CL treatment (CL); 5% maize steep liquor pretreatment for the CC group (CC); and a 5% CC+ lactic acid bacteria treatment (CCL). Distilled water was added to the maize stover to adjust the moisture content to 65%, and each group had four replicates. The nutritional composition, in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics, and in vitro digestibility of the maize stover were analyzed after 56 days of anaerobic fermentation. Results showed that: 1) The crude protein and acetic acid contents in the CL, CC and CCL groups were significantly higher than in the CON group (P<0.001), and the pH values in the CL and CCL groups were significantly lower than that in the CON group (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the CON group, the in vitro fermentation ammonia nitrogen concentration in the CL, CC and CCL groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), the acetic acid and the total volatile fatty acid concentration in the CCL group was significantly increased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the CON group, the in vitro dry matter degradability in the CL, CC and CCL groups were significantly higher than that in the CON group (P<0.001), and the in vitro crude protein degradability in the CC and CCL groups were significantly higher than in the CON group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition of synergistic fermentation of maize steep liquor and lactic acid bacteria enhanced the nutritional value of maize stover, improved its fermentation quality, and increased the degradability of nutrients.
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黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(SS2022C004)
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