苦豆子成熟期-凋落期土壤节肢动物群落对氮磷输入的响应
刘璐瑶 , 崔东 , 刘淑琪 , 江智诚 , 吴昀昊 , 刘泽征 , 刘隽琦
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (08) : 193 -206.
苦豆子成熟期-凋落期土壤节肢动物群落对氮磷输入的响应
Response of the soil arthropod community to nitrogen and phosphorus inputs during the maturity-senescence period of Sophora alopecuroides
本研究以新疆伊犁苦豆子型退化草地土壤动物为对象,在以苦豆子为优势物种的自由放牧草地设置氮添加(N)、磷添加(P)、氮磷添加(NP)和未施氮磷(CK)控制试验,研究苦豆子成熟期-凋落期养分添加下土壤动物群落和土壤环境因子的响应及其关键驱动因子。结果表明:1)氮添加、磷添加和氮磷添加均降低了土壤动物密度和类群数。苦豆子成熟期,氮添加、磷添加和氮磷添加均降低了Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和丰富度指数;凋落期,氮添加、磷添加和氮磷添加均增加了Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数,降低了优势度指数;并显著降低了捕食性土壤动物个体数(P<0.05)。2)氮添加、磷添加、氮磷添加和对照土壤有机碳、全磷、铵态氮含量和土壤含水率在成熟期均高于凋落期。3)成熟期,土壤含水率、有机碳是影响土壤动物群落结构的主要环境因子;凋落期,pH值是影响土壤动物群落结构的主要环境因子。综上,养分添加、成熟期-凋落期与环境因子共同驱动苦豆子型退化草地土壤动物多样性及功能类群变化,对深入理解及管理伊犁退化草地生态系统具有重要意义。
This study focused on the soil fauna in Sophora alopecuroides degraded grassland in Yili, Xinjiang. A controlled experiment was conducted in freely grazed grassland where S. alopecuroides was the dominant species, with treatments including nitrogen addition (N), phosphorus addition (P), nitrogen and phosphorus addition (NP), and a control (no nitrogen and phosphorus addition; CK). The overall aim was to study the responses of soil fauna communities and soil environmental factors and their key driving factors under nutrient addition during the maturity and senescence periods of S. alopecuroides. It was found that: 1) Nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus additions reduced the density and number of groups of soil fauna. During the maturity period, nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus additions decreased the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and the species richness index. During the senescence period, nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus additions increased the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and the evenness index but decreased the dominance index. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus additions significantly reduced the number of predatory fauna individuals (P<0.05). 2) Soil organic carbon, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen content, and soil moisture were higher during the maturity period than during the senescence period across all treatments (N, P, NP, and CK). 3) During the maturity period, soil moisture and organic carbon were the main environmental factors influencing the soil fauna community structure, while during the senescence period, pH was the main environmental factor. In short, nutrient addition, maturity/senescence period, and environmental factors collectively drive changes in soil fauna diversity and functional groups in S. alopecuroides degraded grassland. The findings of this study provide important insights for understanding and managing degraded grassland ecosystems in Yili.
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第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0405)
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