5种燕麦再生生长性能及饲草品质对留茬高度的响应
Regrowth and forage quality responses to stubble height in five oat varieties
宁夏是我国优势农产品区域布局中重要的优势畜牧业生产基地。牧草作为畜牧业的重要物质基础,探究其再生能力对畜牧业的可持续发展有重要意义。本研究采用盆栽试验,对燕麦5个品种[‘挑战者’(TZZ)、‘甜燕1号’(TY)、‘牧乐思’(MLS)、‘喜韵’(XY)和‘白燕7号’(BY)]于抽穗期进行刈割处理,刈割留茬高度为5、10和15 cm,以齐地刈割为对照(CK),分析不同品种在不同留茬高度下的再生机制及其种内差异。结果表明:1)随留茬高度的增加,5种燕麦的株高、分蘖数、叶面积和茎叶生物量逐渐增加,根生物量、根冠比逐渐降低。在5 cm处理下,TY和MLS的茎叶生物量呈欠补偿生长,TZZ、XY和BY的茎叶生物量呈等补偿生长;在10 cm处理下,XY和MLS的茎叶生物量呈等补偿生长,TZZ、TY、BY的茎叶生物量呈超补偿生长;在15 cm处理下,5种燕麦的茎叶生物量均呈超补偿生长。2)5种燕麦叶片和根中的淀粉、可溶性糖含量基本随留茬高度的增加而增加,根中可溶性糖含量均高于叶片。留茬5 cm时,TZZ、TY和MLS叶片和根中的可溶性蛋白含量均最低,BY反之。刈割后燕麦中粗蛋白含量降低,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量增加,粗蛋白含量随留茬高度的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量随留茬高度的增加而降低,相对饲草质量随留茬高度的增加而增加。3)由主成分分析结果可知,变异范围表现为MLS>TZZ>TY≈BY>XY。灰色关联度分析显示,15 cm处理下各品种的加权排名均高于5 cm处理,排名由高到低依次为MLS-15 cm>TZZ-15 cm>TY-15 cm>TY-10 cm>BY-15 cm>TZZ-10 cm>MLS-10 cm>XY-15 cm>BY-10 cm>TY-5 cm>BY-5 cm>XY-10 cm>XY-5 cm>MLS-5 cm>TZZ-5 cm。
Within China, Ningxia makes an important contribution to national animal husbandry and production for human benefit. Information on the regenerative capacity of forage species is essential to forage supply for the sustainable development of animal husbandry in the region. This study reports a pot experiment on five oat varieties denoted: ‘Challenger’ (TZZ), ‘Tianyan No.1’ (TY), ‘Molasses’ (MLS), ‘Xiyun’ (XY), and ‘Baiyan No.7’ (BY), with stubble height treatments of 5, 10, and 15 cm, and a control treatment of cutting at ground level (CK). The regenerative mechanisms and differences among the five varieties under the different stubble heights were analyzed at the heading stage. It was found that: 1) With increase in stubble height, the plant height, tiller number, leaf area, and stem and leaf biomass of the five oat varieties gradually increased, while the root biomass and root-shoot ratio gradually decreased. Under the 5 cm treatment, the stem and leaf biomass of TY and MLS was inhibited, while that of TZZ, XY, and BY showed equal-compensatory growth. Under the 10 cm treatments, the stem and leaf biomass of XY and MLS showed equal-compensatory growth, while that of TZZ, TY, and BY showed over-compensatory growth. Under the 15 cm treatments, the stem and leaf biomass of all five oat varieties showed over-compensatory growth. 2) The starch and soluble sugar contents in the leaves and roots of the five oat varieties increased with increase in stubble height. The soluble protein contents in the leaves and roots of TZZ, TY, and MLS increased with increase in stubble height, while those of XY and BY decreased. After cutting, the crude protein content of oats decreased, while the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents increased. The crude protein content significantly increased with increase in stubble height (P<0.05), while the NDF and ADF contents decreased. The relative feeding value increased with increase in stubble height. 3) Principal component analysis results indicated that the variation range was MLS>TZZ>TY and BY>XY. The grey relational analysis showed that the weighted rankings of all varieties under the 15 cm treatments were higher than those under the 5 cm treatments. The rankings from high to low were MLS-15 cm>TZZ-15 cm>TY-15 cm>TY-10 cm>BY-15 cm>TZZ-10 cm>MLS-10 cm>XY-15 cm>BY-10 cm>TY-5 cm>BY-5 cm>XY-10 cm>XY-5 cm>MLS-5 cm>TZZ-5 cm.
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宁夏重点研发计划引进专项(2024BEH04147)
宁夏重点研发计划重点项目(2022BEG02011)
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