MfERF053增强活性氧清除能力和抗逆相关基因表达提高拟南芥抗旱性
李倩 , 段伟 , 张雪莉 , 刘丽君 , 王玉祥
草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (08) : 157 -169.
MfERF053增强活性氧清除能力和抗逆相关基因表达提高拟南芥抗旱性
MfERF053 enhances drought resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana by improving reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity and promoting expression of stress-resistance-related genes
干旱胁迫制约植物生长与农业生产,挖掘抗旱基因并解析其机制对分子育种至关重要。黄花苜蓿MfERF053属于AP2/ERF家族,前期发现其在干旱下表达上调且过表达拟南芥具有抗旱表型,但机制未明。本研究以拟南芥Col-0野生型(Col)及MfERF053过表达株系(#19、#20、#33)为材料,经自然干旱胁迫处理后,测定植株表型、生理及分子指标,以明确其抗旱机制。结果显示:干旱胁迫下,过表达株系萎蔫延迟、复水恢复好;相对含水量显著高于Col(P<0.05),相对电导率与丙二醛含量显著低于Col(P<0.05);光系统Ⅱ功能更稳定,最大光化学效率、电子传递速率显著高于Col(P<0.05);过表达株系叶片氯化硝基四氮唑蓝(NBT)、3,3'-二氨基联苯胺(DAB)染色程度明显浅于Col,表明·O₂⁻、H₂O₂积累减少,且过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性显著高于Col(P<0.05)。分子层面,干旱胁迫下MfERF053过表达株系中,活性氧(ROS)清除相关基因(AtCAT1、AtPOD3、AtSOD4)及干旱响应(AtRD22、AtRD29A)、低温/干旱交叉响应(AtCOR15A、AtCOR47)、钾离子转运(AtHAK5)、脱落酸(ABA)信号通路(AtABI5)等抗逆相关基因的表达量均显著上调(P<0.05),且多数基因表达量显著高于Col(P<0.05),仅AtRD29A和AtABI5在个别过表达株系中与Col无显著差异。综上,MfERF053可通过增强ROS清除能力、上调抗逆相关基因的表达、协同改善拟南芥干旱下的生理稳态与分子响应,最终提高其抗旱性,为耐旱作物/牧草分子育种提供重要的基因资源与理论依据。
Drought stress restricts plant growth and agricultural production, and mining drought-tolerannce genes and analyzing their mechanisms are crucial for molecular breeding. Medicago falcataMfERF053 belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. Previous studies have shown that its expression is upregulated under drought stress, and Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing this gene exhibits a drought-tolerant phenotype. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, A. thaliana Col-0 wild type (Col) and MfERF053-overexpressing lines (#19, #20, #33) were used as materials. After natural drought stress treatment, plant phenotypic, physiological, and molecular indicators were determined to clarify the drought-tolerance mechanism of MfERF053. The results showed that under drought stress: the overexpressing lines exhibited delayed leaf wilting and better recovery ability after rehydration; their relative water content (RWC) was significantly higher than that of Col (P<0.05), while their relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were significantly lower than those of Col (P<0.05); the function of photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) was more stable, with the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and electron transport rate (ETR) significantly higher than those of Col (P<0.05); the degree of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) [for superoxide anion (·O₂⁻) localization] and 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) [for hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) localization] staining in leaves of the overexpressing lines was significantly lighter than that in Col, indicating reduced accumulation of ·O₂⁻ and H₂O₂, and the activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were significantly higher than those in Col (P<0.05). At the molecular level, under drought stress, the expression levels of stress-tolerance-related genes in MfERF053-overexpressing lines, including reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging-related genes (AtCAT1, AtPOD3, AtSOD4), drought-responsive genes (AtRD22, AtRD29A), cold/drought cross-responsive genes (AtCOR15A, AtCOR47), potassium ion transport gene (AtHAK5), and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway gene (AtABI5), were all significantly up-regulated (P<0.05). Most of these genes exhibited significantly higher expression levels in overexpressing lines than in Col (P<0.05), except that AtRD29A and AtABI5 in individual overexpressing lines showed no significant difference compared with Col. In conclusion, MfERF053 was found to enhance ROS scavenging capacity, upregulate the expression of stress-tolerant-related genes, and synergistically improve the physiological homeostasis and molecular response of A. thaliana under drought, ultimately improving its drought tolerance. This study provides important genetic resources and a theoretical basis for the molecular breeding of drought-tolerant crops/forages.
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自治区高校基本科研业务费科研项目(XJEDU2023P054)
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