富水土岩复合地层基坑开挖变形规律及其影响因素
陈斌 , 邱明明 , 赵海峰 , 王法帝 , 王建望
延安大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (01) : 57 -63.
富水土岩复合地层基坑开挖变形规律及其影响因素
Deformation characteristics and influencing factors of deep foundation pit excavation in water rich soil-rock composite stratum
为研究富水土岩复合地层中深基坑施工变形响应特征,以某城市明挖隧道11.6 m深基坑工程为对象,采用数值方法模拟咬合桩与内支撑联合支护下的富水土岩复合地层基坑降水开挖过程,结合现场实测数据对比分析基坑受力与变形规律,并探明围护结构参数对基坑变形特性的影响。结果表明,基坑变形呈现初始(0~0.2H,H为开挖深度)缓慢发展、中期(0.2H~0.7H)快速扩展、后期(>0.7H)渐变稳定的三阶段演变特征;挡墙水平位移由“斜线形”向“鼓肚形”转变,最大水平位移为0.07%H,其位置为0.5H~0.6H;墙后地表沉降由窄而浅的“单峰形”发展为“勺形”,0~1.0H为显著影响区、1.0H~2.0H为过渡区、大于2.0H为轻微影响区;围护桩内力与开挖深度呈正相关关系,剪力峰值出现在支撑点和坑底附近,桩身最大弯矩出现在第3道支撑点附近;围护桩布置形式、桩长和桩径对基坑变形产生显著影响,优化支护结构设计参数可有效控制基坑变形。研究成果可为类似工程提供理论依据与设计参考。
To study the deformation response characteristics of deep foundation pit construction in water-rich soil-rock composite strata, a 11.6 m deep foundation pit project of an open-cut tunnel in a certain city was taken as the research object. The process of dewatering and excavation of the foundation pit in water-rich soil-rock composite strata under the combined support of interlocking piles and internal bracing was simulated by numerical methods. The stress and deformation characteristics of the foundation pit were analyzed by comparing with the field measurement data, and the influence of the parameters of the retaining structure on the deformation characteristics of the foundation pit was investigated. The results show that the deformation of the foundation pit presents a three-stage evolution characteristic of slow development in the initial stage (0~0.2H, H is the excavation depth), rapid expansion in the middle stage (0.2H~0.7H), and gradual stabilization in the later stage (>0.7H); the horizontal displacement of the retaining wall changes from a “linear shape” to a “bulging shape”, with the maximum horizontal displacement being 0.07%H, and its location is at 0.5H~0.6H; the ground surface settlement behind the wall develops from a narrow and shallow “single-peak shape” to a “spoon shape”, with 0~1.0H being the significant influence zone, 1.0H~2.0H being the transition zone, and greater than 2.0H being the slight influence zone; the internal force of the retaining piles is positively correlated with the excavation depth, and the peak shear force occurs near the bracing points and the bottom of the pit, while the maximum bending moment of the pile body occurs near the third bracing point. The layout form, pile length, and pile diameter of the retaining piles have a significant impact on the deformation of the foundation pit. Optimizing the design parameters of the support structure can effectively control the deformation of the foundation pit. The research results can provide theoretical basis and design reference for similar projects.
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陕西省自然科学重点研发计划项目(2020ZDLSF06-03)
陕西省教育厅科研计划资助项目(21JC035)
延安大学十四五中长期重大科研项目(2023KXJ-010)
延安大学十四五中长期重大科研项目(2021ZCQ011)
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410719004)
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