超高层建筑抗震韧性国内外评价方法对比研究
A Comparative Study of Chinese and Foreign Seismic Resilience Assessment Methods Based on a Super High-Rise Building
高层和超高层建筑在震后会造成严重的经济损失和社会影响。然而,现有的建筑抗震韧性评价方法在超高层建筑上的适用性还有待探讨。本文采用国内外建筑抗震韧性评价方法(即《建筑抗震韧性评价标准》(GB/T 38591—2020)(下文简称“《国标》”)和Seismic performance assessment of buildings (FEMA P-58)对一幢超高层办公楼进行抗震韧性评价,探究两种评价方法得到的评价结果的不同之处、对超高层建筑进行韧性评价的适用性以及目前将其用于超高层建筑所存在的不足,并提出相应的改进措施。研究结果表明:两种方法在韧性指标计算方法上有一定差异;两种方法均考虑了规模效应对修复费用和修复时间的折减,而FEMA P-58折减相较于《国标》更为显著;构件尤其是结构构件较高的修复工时和总工作量折减上的差别使得《国标》计算得到的修复总工时较高;尽管FEMA-58给出的结构构件建造成本较低,但在韧性指标计算上的差别使其总修复费用高于《国标》。在应用《国标》对超高层建筑进行抗震韧性评价时,应当对目前的楼层影响系数、层内和层间的修复策略进行修正,并规定更明确的工人数量确定方法,以获得更合理的修复时间值。
High-rise and super high-rise buildings can cause serious economic losses and negative social impacts after an earthquake. However, the applicability of the existing seismic resilience assessment methods for super high-rise buildings remains to be explored. A case study of a super high-rise office building was conducted in this paper by adopting the Chinese (“Standard for seismic resilience assessment of buildings” GB/T 38591—2020) and the US (“Seismic performance assessment of buildings” FEMA P-58) seismic resilience assessment codes. The applicability and the existing deficiencies of the two codes to assess the seismic resilience of super high-rise buildings were then discussed. Some measures to improve the usability of the codes were also proposed. The results show that there are some differences between GB/T 38591—2020 and FEMA P-58 in terms of the calculation methods of the resilience indexes. Both codes take into account the scale effect by reducing the total repair cost and repair time to some extent. Resilience indexes computed using FEMA P-58 are lower partially because the FEMA P-58 has averagely greater reduction rates. Because of the higher repair labor hours of components, especially structural components, and the lower reduction rate of the workload, total repair hours computed according to GB/T 38591—2020 are longer than that of FEMA P-58. Although the construction costs of structural components provided by FEMA P-58 are lower, differences in resilience index calculation methods make the total repair cost higher than that of GB/T 38591—2020. To get more accurate and reasonable resilience indexes when applying the Chinese code in assessing the seismic resilience of super high-rise buildings, the coefficient of floor height and the current intra- and inter-story rehabilitation strategies should be revised. A more distinct calculation method should also be proposed to determine the number of workers more precisely and to calculate the repair time closer to reality.
抗震韧性 / 超高层建筑 / 韧性评价方法 / 韧性指标 / 对比分析
seismic resilience / super high-rise building / seismic resilience evaluation method / resilience index / comparative study
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国家自然科学基金项目(52378182)
国家自然科学基金项目(52308195)
上海市科技计划项目(23XD1430200)
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