上海中学体育馆大跨超限结构设计
Design of Large-Span Out-of-Code Structure for Shanghai High School Gymnasium
根据现行法规、规范和标准,位于地震重点监视防御区的上海中学体育馆需采取三水准三阶段设计,以满足多遇地震完全可使用、设防烈度地震可正常使用、罕遇地震基本可使用的性能目标。同时,结合屈曲约束支撑的布置,实现以减震器率先屈服耗能,作为第一道抗震防线保护主体结构的减震设计效果。本文针对篮球馆大跨楼面的舒适度、楼板平面完整性及大跨转换桁架单榀结构等重点问题予以专项分析。考虑建筑特点制订适合的装配式结构策略,满足相关政策规定。分析结果表明:体育馆结构抗震性能良好,关键构件安全、可靠,可以实现预设的“三水准”抗震性能目标;合理设置的屈曲约束支撑能起到抗震“保险丝”的支撑及耗能作用;设置调谐质量阻尼器可有效改善篮球馆大跨屋面的舒适度;装配式钢网模夹心保温墙体的应用大幅提高了预制率。本文的设计方法可为类似工程的结构设计提供参考。
According to current regulations, codes, and standards, the gymnasium structure of Shanghai High School—located in a key seismic monitoring area—requires a three-level, three-stage design to achieve seismic performance objectives of full functionality under frequent earthquakes, normal operation under fortification-intensity earthquakes, and basic usability under rare earthquakes. By integrating buckling-restrained braces (BRBs), this design ensures energy-dissipation devices act as the primary seismic defense to protect the main structural system. Key issues, including human comfort for large-span floor vibrations in the basketball arena, integrity of the floor slab plane, and structural stability of the single large-span transfer truss, were rigorously analyzed. Suitable prefabricated structural strategies were formulated based on building characteristics and policy requirements. Analysis results demonstrate that: (1) the main structure exhibits robust seismic performance with key components being safe and reliable, achieving all three predefined seismic performance goals; (2) properly designed buckling-restrained braces function effectively as seismic “fuses” for energy dissipation; (3) tuned mass dampers (TMDs) significantly improve human comfort for the large-span roof of the basketball gymnasium; (4) prefabricated steel-mesh mold sandwich insulation walls substantially enhance the prefabrication rate. This methodology provides a reference for the structural design of similar projects.
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