局部火灾下变电站结构承载性能分析
Load-Bearing Performance Analysis of Substation Structures under Local Fire Condition
针对常见的具有“大跨度”“大开间”“楼面错层”等特性的真实变电站建筑,对结构在局部火灾下的承载性能进行了数值分析。研究了受火柱位置(角柱、中柱、边柱)及荷载大小对结构承载性能的影响。研究结果表明,不同位置的柱在火灾中的受力和变形行为具有显著差异。中柱在火灾中受热变形的敏感性最高,边柱和角柱的倒塌速度及变形程度相对较小。在相同条件下,中柱比边柱失稳时间快约19%,比角柱失稳时间快约27%。荷载大小也是影响结构承载性能的关键因素。随着均布荷载的增大,结构的临界倒塌时间更快。
This paper presents a numerical analysis of the load-bearing performance of structures in real substations subjected to localized fires. The investigated substations exhibit typical features such as large spans, wide column spacing, and floor height variations. The study examines the influence of column location (corner, center, and edge columns) and load magnitude on structural behavior under fire conditions. Results reveal notable differences in stress and deformation responses among columns at different positions. Central columns are found to be the most susceptible to thermal deformation, whereas corner and edge columns experience comparatively slower collapse progression and reduced deformation. Under identical fire and loading scenarios, central columns collapse approximately 19% faster than edge columns and 26% faster than corner columns. In addition, load magnitude significantly affects the structural load-bearing capacity, with increased uniform loads leading to an earlier critical collapse time.
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